Shloka 75

Jvara-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa: Causes, Doṣic Types, Āma/Nirāma Stages, and Prognosis of Fever

Devanagari script

अन्तर्दाहो बहिः शैत्यं श्वासो हिक्का हि मज्जमे / तमसो दर्शनं मर्मच्छेदनं स्तब्धमेढ्रता

Transliteration

antardāho bahiḥ śaityaṃ śvāso hikkā hi majjame / tamaso darśanaṃ marmacchedanaṃ stabdhameḍhratā

Translation

เมื่อโทษะอยู่ในไขกระดูก ย่อมมีไฟภายในและความเย็นภายนอก; หายใจติดขัดและสะอึกไม่หยุด. เห็นแต่ความมืด; มีปวดราวถูกเฉือนที่จุดมรฺมะ และความแข็งเกร็งของอวัยวะเพศ

Word by Word

• अन्तर्दाहः: internal burning
• अन्तर्दाहः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तर् (अव्यय/उपसर्गभाव) + दाह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• बहिः: externally
• बहिः: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहिः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: outside)

• शैत्यम्: coldness
• शैत्यम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; coldness

• श्वासः: breathlessness
• श्वासः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; labored breathing

• हिक्का: hiccup
• हिक्का: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिक्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; hiccup

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

• मज्जमे: in the marrow
• मज्जमे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मज्जा (प्रातिपदिक) + मय/म (तद्धित; ‘-मय’/‘-म’ = consisting of)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; ‘मज्जामये (धातौ)’ = in the marrow(-layer) (locative)

• तमसः: of darkness
• तमसः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; of darkness

• दर्शनम्: vision/appearance
• दर्शनम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; seeing/appearance

• मर्मच्छेदनम्: piercing pain in vital points
• मर्मच्छेदनम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + छेदन (छिद् धातु, ल्युट्/अन-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘मर्मणां छेदनम्’ = cutting pain in vital spots

• स्तब्धमेढ्रता: penile rigidity/stiffness
• स्तब्धमेढ्रता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तब्ध (स्तभ् धातु, क्त-प्रत्यय; कृदन्त) + मेढ्रता (मेढ्र प्रातिपदिक + ता-प्रत्यय)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘स्तब्धा मेढ्रता’ = stiffness of the penis

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: When vital systems are disturbed, paradoxical signs and sensory shutdown appear; marma pain indicates critical danger.

Vedantic Theme: Indriya-nivṛtti (sense failure) and the body’s collapse highlight the witness-self’s separateness; prompts contemplation of death’s approach.

Application: Recognize red-flag signs (darkness of vision, marma pain, severe dyspnea/hiccup) and seek immediate intensive care.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.147.72 (tamas/bhrama); Garuda Purana 1.147.76 (death possibility)

Characters & Entities

• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of describing such suffering in the Garuda Purana?

This verse functions as a karmic warning: it catalogues specific post-death torments to encourage dharmic living and timely rites that reduce distress in the preta condition.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

It portrays the embodied experience of the departed in a suffering state—marked by heat, cold, breath distress, darkness, and piercing pains—indicating that the jiva can undergo intense sensations shaped by prior karma before attaining further destinations.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Live with restraint and compassion, avoid harmful actions that create severe karmic reactions, and perform prescribed death rites (shraddha, pinda-dana) with sincerity to support the departed and cultivate dharma.