Shloka 58

Jvara-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa: Causes, Doṣic Types, Āma/Nirāma Stages, and Prognosis of Fever

Devanagari script

ग्राही पित्तानिलान्मूर्ध्नस्त्रिकस्य कफपित्ततः / सपृष्ठस्यानिलकफात्स चैकाहान्तरः स्मृतः

Transliteration

grāhī pittānilānmūrdhnastrikasya kaphapittataḥ / sapṛṣṭhasyānilakaphātsa caikāhāntaraḥ smṛtaḥ

Translation

โรคที่เรียกว่า ‘กราหี’ กล่าวกันว่าเกิดที่ศีรษะจากปิตตะและวาตะ; ที่บริเวณตรีกะ (หลังส่วนบน) จากกะผะและปิตตะ; และที่หลังจากวาตะและกะผะ ทั้งยังจำกันว่าเวียนกลับมาเป็นระยะห่างหนึ่งวัน

Word by Word

• ग्राही: seizing/affecting
• ग्राही: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु) → ग्राही (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: णिनि-प्रत्ययान्त (agentive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण

• पित्तानिलान्: bile and wind (pitta & vāta)
• पित्तानिलान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पित्त + अनिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व

• मूर्ध्नः: from the head
• मूर्ध्नः: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन

• त्रिकस्य: of the triad/threefold region (trika)
• त्रिकस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• कफपित्ततः: from/owing to kapha and pitta
• कफपित्ततः: Hetu/Apadana (From/Because of)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कफ + पित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb)

• सपृष्ठस्य: of (one) with the back / dorsal
• सपृष्ठस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + पृष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—कर्मधारय (having/with back)

• अनिलकफात्: from wind and kapha
• अनिलकफात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिल + कफ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व

• सः: he/that (it)
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• एकाहान्तरः: having an interval of one day
• एकाहान्तरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकाह + अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक; एक+अहन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—तत्पुरुष (determinative)

• स्मृतः: is remembered/said
• स्मृतः: Kriya (Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) → स्मृत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) प्रयोगः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे—‘is said/considered’

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Doṣa-samyoga (combined doṣas) determines locus and expression of disease; periodic recurrence is a key diagnostic sign.

Vedantic Theme: Prakṛti’s guṇa/doṣa dynamics operate in the body; the knower distinguishes patterns without identification with affliction.

Application: For grāhī-like disorder, assess symptom locus (head/trika/back) and infer doṣa pairing (pitta-vāta, kapha-pitta, vāta-kapha); note alternating-day recurrence for prognosis and treatment timing.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: body-region

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.147 (surrounding verses on periodic fevers/defects and doṣa movement)

FAQs

What is the importance of dosha theory in the Garuda Purana?

This verse uses pitta, vāta (anila), and kapha to explain how specific ailments arise in different body regions, showing that the text preserves practical, diagnostic health teaching alongside spiritual instruction.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

It does not directly describe the soul’s journey; instead, it discusses bodily affliction (grāhī) and its doshic causes, reflecting the Garuda Purana’s broader scope that includes human wellbeing in addition to afterlife topics.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Use it as a reminder to observe patterns of recurring symptoms and seek a qualified practitioner who can assess vāta–pitta–kapha imbalance, rather than treating symptoms in isolation.