Shloka 16

Jvara-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa: Causes, Doṣic Types, Āma/Nirāma Stages, and Prognosis of Fever

Devanagari script

ष्ठीवनं रक्तपित्तस्य लोठनं शिरसो ऽतितृट् / कोष्ठानां श्यावरक्तानां मण्डलानां च दर्शनम्

Transliteration

ṣṭhīvanaṃ raktapittasya loṭhanaṃ śiraso 'titṛṭ / koṣṭhānāṃ śyāvaraktānāṃ maṇḍalānāṃ ca darśanam

Translation

ด้วยความกำเริบแห่งโรคเลือด-ปิตตะ จึงมีการถ่มน้ำลาย ศีรษะกลิ้งคลอน กระหายน้ำยิ่ง และปรากฏปื้นวงกลมสีคล้ำแดงอมฟ้าบนลำตัว—อาการเหล่านี้ปรากฏ

Word by Word

• ष्ठीवनम्: spitting/salivation
• ष्ठीवनम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ष्ठीवन (प्रातिपदिक; √ष्ठीव् (धातु) + ल्युट्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम

• रक्तपित्तस्य: of blood-and-bile disorder (bleeding)
• रक्तपित्तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्तपित्त (प्रातिपदिक; रक्त + पित्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• लोठनम्: rolling/tossing about
• लोठनम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोठन (प्रातिपदिक; √लुठ्/√लोट् (धातु) + ल्युट्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम

• शिरसः: of the head
• शिरसः: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• अतितृट्: excessive thirst
• अतितृट्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अति + तृष्/तृट् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘अत्यधिक-तृष्णा’

• कोष्ठानाम्: of the abdomen/trunk
• कोष्ठानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• श्यावरक्तानाम्: dark and red
• श्यावरक्तानाम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्याव + रक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वः—‘श्यावानि रक्तानि च’ (dark and red) ‘मण्डलानाम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• मण्डलानाम्: of circular patches/spots
• मण्डलानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मण्डल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• दर्शनम्: appearance/seeing
• दर्शनम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक; √दृश् (धातु) + ल्युट्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vainateya)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Pitta

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Severe papa ripens into ‘blood-and-fire’ suffering (rakta/pitta imagery) and visible marks, making karmaphala manifest and undeniable.

Vedantic Theme: Karma as niyati within vyavahara; liberation requires transcending identification with the afflicted body-mind complex.

Application: Avoid violence and intoxicants; pursue purification (prayaschitta), charity, and bhakti; cultivate compassion to prevent blood-guilt and its consequences.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: symptom lists including rakta-pitta type afflictions and thirst (1.147 context)

FAQs

What is the importance of describing disease symptoms in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights observable bodily signs of intense suffering—used in the Garuda Purana to connect embodied pain with karmic causation and to prompt ethical correction and remedial rites.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By emphasizing severe physical distress (excessive thirst, bleeding disorder, skin marks), the text frames the embodied condition as part of a karmic sequence that precedes death and the post-death journey described elsewhere in the Purana.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Treat suffering as a call for dharmic living: reduce harm, practice truthfulness and restraint, and—within tradition—seek prayer, charity, and appropriate rites alongside medical care.