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Shloka 20

Bhīma-Dvādaśī (Ekādaśī) Māhātmya and Varāha-Pūjā Vidhi

Devanagari script

एवं कृत्वा नरो विद्यान्न भूय स्तनपो भवेत् / उपोष्यैकादशीं पुण्यां मुच्यते वै ऋणत्रयात् / मनो ऽभिलषितावाप्तिः कृत्वा सर्वव्रतादिकम्

Transliteration

evaṃ kṛtvā naro vidyānna bhūya stanapo bhavet / upoṣyaikādaśīṃ puṇyāṃ mucyate vai ṛṇatrayāt / mano 'bhilaṣitāvāptiḥ kṛtvā sarvavratādikam

Translation

เมื่อปฏิบัติดังนี้แล้ว บุรุษพึงรู้ว่าเขาจะไม่กลับไปเป็นทารกผู้ดูดนมอีก (คือไม่เกิดซ้ำเช่นนั้น) ด้วยการอดอาหารในเอกาทศีอันศักดิ์สิทธิ์ ย่อมหลุดพ้นจากหนี้สามประการแท้จริง และเมื่อบำเพ็ญวัตรทั้งปวง ย่อมได้สมดังปรารถนาในใจ।

Word by Word
एवम्thus
एवम्:
Prakara (Manner/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: thus)
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Kriya (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) + क्त्वा (प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
विद्यात्should know
विद्यात्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
नnot
न:
Nishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय
भूयःagain
भूयः:
Kala/Avritti (Repetition/आवृत्ति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्/भूयः (अव्यय)
Formपुनरर्थक अव्यय (adverb: again)
स्तनपःa suckling (infant)
स्तनपः:
Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootस्तनप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
उपोष्यhaving fasted
उपोष्य:
Kriya (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप-वास् (धातु) + ल्यप् (प्रत्यय)
Formल्यबन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund) ‘उपवासं कृत्वा’
एकादशीम्Ekādaśī (11th lunar day)
एकादशीम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएकादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
पुण्याम्holy
पुण्याम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘एकादशीम्’
मुच्यतेis freed
मुच्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमुच् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive)
वैindeed
वै:
Nipata (Emphasis/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक निपात (particle: indeed)
ऋण-त्रयात्from the three debts
ऋण-त्रयात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootऋण (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (‘त्रयम् ऋणम्’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन
मनःthe mind
मनः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
अभिलषित-अवाप्तिःattainment of what is desired
अभिलषित-अवाप्तिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअभिलषित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + अवाप्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (‘अभिलषितस्य अवाप्तिः’), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
कृत्वाhaving performed
कृत्वा:
Kriya (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) + क्त्वा (प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
सर्व-व्रत-आदिकम्all vows and related observances
सर्व-व्रत-आदिकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष समास (‘व्रतानि आदीनि’/‘व्रतादि’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Moksha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ekādaśī-upavāsa and vrata observance can dissolve binding obligations (ṛṇa-traya) and reduce rebirth compulsion; disciplined karma yields desired fruits.

Vedantic Theme: Karma-bandha is loosened by sāttvika observances dedicated to the Lord; purification enables higher pursuit (bhakti/jñāna).

Application: Observe Ekādaśī with sincerity (fasting/regulated diet, prayer, charity), and consciously address the three debts through study/service to teachers, care for ancestors, and responsible living.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: Ekādaśī and Viṣṇu-vratas praised as destroyers of sin and supports for liberation; Garuda Purana: discussions of rebirth and karmic bondage in dharma sections

Characters & Entities
V
Vishnu
G
Garuda
P
Pitris
D
Devas
R
Rishis

FAQs

This verse presents Ekādaśī as a powerful vrata that purifies merit and helps free a person from the threefold debt (ṛṇa-traya), supporting spiritual progress and reducing the causes of rebirth.

By linking vrata-observance with ‘not becoming a suckling again,’ the verse implies that disciplined dharmic practice (especially Ekādaśī) weakens karmic bondage that drives repeated birth.

Observe Ekādaśī with mindful fasting (as health permits), prayer, and restraint; combine it with regular dharmic duties toward elders/ancestors, learning, and worship—aiming at inner purification rather than mere ritualism.

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