Shloka 5

Vyāsāṅga Trayodaśī: Month-by-Month Śiva Worship, Dantadhāvana Observances, and Udyāpana

Devanagari script

चैत्रे यजेत्सु रूपाय कर्पूरं प्राशयेन्निशि / दन्तधावनाटजं नैवेद्यं शष्कुलीं ददेत्

Transliteration

caitre yajetsu rūpāya karpūraṃ prāśayenniśi / dantadhāvanāṭajaṃ naivedyaṃ śaṣkulīṃ dadet

Translation

ในเดือนไจตระ พึงบูชาพระผู้มีรูปงาม (สุรูปะ); ในยามราตรีพึงรับประทานการบูร และถวายกิ่งไม้ชำระฟันเป็นไนเวทยะ พร้อมทั้งถวายศัษกุลีก้อนธัญพืชทอด

Word by Word

• चैत्रे: in (the month of) Caitra
• चैत्रे: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी

• यजेत्: should worship/sacrifice
• यजेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• सु: well/very
• सु: Sambandha (Modifier particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (अव्यय)
• Form: उपसर्ग/निपात (intensifier: well/very)

• रूपाय: to Rūpa (the deity)
• रूपाय: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान-कारक (to the one named Rūpa)

• कर्पूरम्: camphor
• कर्पूरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्पूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक (object)

• प्राशयेत्: should cause (him) to eat / should offer to eat
• प्राशयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + अश् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative: cause to eat)

• निशि: at night
• निशि: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; कालवाचक-सप्तमी

• दन्तधावनाटजम्: a tooth-cleaning twig (āṭaja type)
• दन्तधावनाटजम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दन्तधावन + आटज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक (object/item)

• नैवेद्यम्: food offering
• नैवेद्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नैवेद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक

• शष्कुलीम्: śaṣkulī (fried cake)
• शष्कुलीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शष्कुली (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म-कारक (object)

• ददेत्: should give/offer
• ददेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in instruction to Garuḍa/Vinātā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Contemplation of the deity’s beautiful form supported by sensory-pure offerings (camphor fragrance, simple naivedya).

Vedantic Theme: Rūpa-upāsanā as a support for ekāgratā; transforming sense experience into devotion.

Application: In Caitra, worship as Su-rūpa; partake of camphor at night as prescribed; offer dantadhāvana twig and śaṣkulī as naivedya.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: temple/household shrine

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.117 (Caitra month observance within the sequence)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Caitra

FAQs

What is the importance of Caitra worship in the Garuda Purana?

This verse prescribes Caitra-specific worship of Viṣṇu as Su-rūpa with particular offerings, indicating that monthly observances are tailored with distinct naivedya for devotional discipline.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly: it emphasizes dharmic ritual discipline (ācāra) and devotion to Viṣṇu, which the Garuḍa Purāṇa presents as supportive of spiritual merit and auspicious outcomes.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe a simple Caitra devotional practice: offer a clean, sattvic naivedya to Viṣṇu, maintain personal purity (dantadhavana), and keep the observance consistent with one’s capacity.