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Shloka 18

Nīti for Calamity, Wealth, Friendship, Charity, and Restraint of Kāma

Devanagari script

कोर्ऽथं प्राप्य न गर्वितो भुवि नरः कस्यापदोनागताः स्त्रीभिः कस्य न खण्डितं भुवि मनः को नाम राज्ञां प्रियः / कः कालस्य न गोचरान्तरगतः कोर्ऽथो गतो गौरवं को वा दुर्जनवागुरानिपतितः क्षेमेण यातः पुमान्

Transliteration

kor'thaṃ prāpya na garvito bhuvi naraḥ kasyāpadonāgatāḥ strībhiḥ kasya na khaṇḍitaṃ bhuvi manaḥ ko nāma rājñāṃ priyaḥ / kaḥ kālasya na gocarāntaragataḥ kor'tho gato gauravaṃ ko vā durjanavāgurānipatitaḥ kṣemeṇa yātaḥ pumān

Translation

บนแผ่นดินนี้ ชายใดเล่าที่ได้ทรัพย์แล้วไม่หลงยโส? ใครเล่าที่เคราะห์ภัยไม่มาเยือน? ใจของใครไม่เคยแตกสลายเพราะสตรี? ผู้ใดกันแน่เป็นที่รักของพระราชา? ใครไม่ตกอยู่ในขอบเขตแห่งกาลจนถูกพาไปสู่อีกสภาพหนึ่ง? ทรัพย์ใดเคยรักษาศักดิ์ศรีไว้ได้? และชายใดตกในบ่วงที่คนพาลวางไว้แล้วยังออกไปโดยสวัสดี?

Word by Word
कःwho
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अर्थम्wealth/goal
अर्थम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
प्राप्यhaving obtained
प्राप्य:
Pūrvakāla (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृत्)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्ययीभाव-रूप (absolutive/gerund), ‘having obtained’
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
गर्वितःproud
गर्वितः:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रियाविशेष)
TypeVerb
Rootगर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + इत (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि/भावे कृदन्त (PPP-like adjectival), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘become proud’
भुविon earth
भुवि:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
नरःman
नरः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कस्यof whom
कस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
आपदःcalamities
आपदः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootआपद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
आगताःhave come
आगताः:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रियाविशेष)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘have come’ (agreeing with आपदः)
स्त्रीभिःby women
स्त्रीभिः:
Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
कस्यof whom
कस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
खण्डितम्broken
खण्डितम्:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रियाविशेष)
TypeVerb
Rootखण्ड् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘broken’
भुविon earth
भुवि:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मनःmind/heart
मनः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
कःwho
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
नामindeed/ever
नाम:
Avadhāraṇa (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न/अनुनय-अव्यय (particle: ‘indeed/then’)
राज्ञाम्of kings
राज्ञाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
प्रियःdear/favorite
प्रियः:
Karta (Predicate nominal)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणं (implicit ‘जनः’)
कःwho
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
कालस्यof time
कालस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
गोचरान्तरगतःgone beyond the range (of time)
गोचरान्तरगतः:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रियाविशेष)
TypeVerb
Rootगोचर + अन्तर + गत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (गोचरस्य अन्तरं गतः = beyond reach)
कःwho
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अर्थःwealth/aim
अर्थः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
गतःhas gone/led
गतः:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रियाविशेष)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि/कर्तरि कृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘has gone/has led to’
गौरवम्dignity/respect
गौरवम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगौरव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कःwho
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
वाor/indeed
वा:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
दुर्जनवागुरानिपतितःfallen into the net of wicked people
दुर्जनवागुरानिपतितः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootदुर्जन + वागुरा + निपतित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (दुर्जनस्य वागुरायां निपतितः)
क्षेमेणsafely/with safety
क्षेमेण:
Karaṇa (Instrument/Means/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
यातःhas gone/escaped
यातः:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रियाविशेष)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) + क्त (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि/कर्तरि कृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पुमान्a man
पुमान्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Universality of pride after success, inevitability of calamity, instability of royal favor, inescapability of Time, fading of wealth’s glory, and danger of wicked traps.

Vedantic Theme: Kāla as all-devouring; anityatā of artha and rājaprasāda; duḥkha-doṣa-darśana fostering vairāgya and discrimination.

Application: Hold success lightly; avoid dependence on political favor; anticipate change; practice ethical caution with manipulators; invest in inner stability (values, devotion, knowledge).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Geographic Context

Type: courtly/social world

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.109 (extended rhetorical nīti on kāla, artha, rāja, strī, durjana)

Characters & Entities
K
Kala (Time/Death)
R
Rajas (kings)

FAQs

This verse stresses that wealth, status, and relationships are unstable—pride and dependence on them lead to suffering, so one should cultivate detachment and dharmic conduct.

By highlighting Kala’s inescapable reach and constant change, it points the listener away from temporary worldly supports and toward spiritual preparedness and righteous living.

Treat success as temporary, expect reversals without panic, avoid seeking validation from power, be cautious of manipulative people, and anchor decisions in ethics and self-discipline.

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