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Shloka 9

Varṇāśrama-ācāra, Aśauca (Sūtaka) Regulations, and Prāyaścitta with Funeral-Rite Notes

Devanagari script

राज्ञो दत्त्वा तु षड्भागं देवतानां च विंशतिम् / त्रयस्त्रिंशच्च विप्राणां कृषिकर्ता न लिप्यते

Transliteration

rājño dattvā tu ṣaḍbhāgaṃ devatānāṃ ca viṃśatim / trayastriṃśacca viprāṇāṃ kṛṣikartā na lipyate

Translation

เมื่อผู้เพาะปลูกถวายส่วนหนึ่งในหกแก่พระราชา บูชาส่วนยี่สิบแก่เหล่าเทวะ และถวายส่วนสามสิบสามแก่พราหมณ์แล้ว ผู้นั้นย่อมไม่มัวหมองด้วยบาป.

Word by Word
राज्ञःof/for the king
राज्ञः:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having given’
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle: emphasis/contrast)
षड्भागम्one-sixth share
षड्भागम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootषट् + भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (षड् भागः = one-sixth share)
देवतानाम्of/for the deities
देवतानाम्:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
विंशतिम्twenty (units/coins)
विंशतिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootविंशति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संख्याशब्दः
त्रयस्त्रिंशतिम्thirty-three
त्रयस्त्रिंशतिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रयस् + त्रिंशति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (त्रयस्-त्रिंशत् = thirty-three)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
विप्राणाम्of/for the Brahmins
विप्राणाम्:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
कृषिकर्ताthe cultivator, farmer
कृषिकर्ता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकृषि + कर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कृषेः कर्ता)
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
लिप्यतेis tainted/gets smeared (with sin)
लिप्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootलिप् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Karmic taint of cultivation is mitigated when one fulfills obligations: king’s share, deva offerings, and brāhmaṇa dāna; right distribution purifies action.

Vedantic Theme: Niṣkāma-karma tendency: action becomes non-binding when aligned with duty and offering (yajña/dāna).

Application: Pay lawful dues, support public order, maintain worship/offerings, and give charity—especially food/learning support—to reduce harm and cultivate merit.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: village polity and temple/ritual sphere (implicit)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.107 (sections on livelihood, shares, and purification from occupational doṣa)

Characters & Entities
R
Raja (King)
D
Devatas
V
Vipras (Brahmins)

FAQs

This verse frames the king’s lawful share as a dharmic due; paying it, along with religious and charitable distributions, keeps the cultivator from incurring moral fault in his occupation.

It teaches that earning through agriculture is purified when one fulfills obligations—social (to the ruler) and sacred (to devas and vipras)—so the act of livelihood does not ‘stain’ one’s karma.

Earn ethically, pay lawful dues/taxes, and regularly allocate a portion of income for worship/thanksgiving and charitable support of learned and service-oriented communities.

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