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Shloka 38

Prāyaścitta: Catalogue of Sins, Narakas, and Graded Expiations

Kṛcchra–Cāndrāyaṇa–Japa

Devanagari script

गर्दभं पशुमालभ्य नैरृतं च विशुध्यति / मधुमांसाशने कार्यं कृच्छ्रं शेषव्रतानि च

Transliteration

gardabhaṃ paśumālabhya nairṛtaṃ ca viśudhyati / madhumāṃsāśane kāryaṃ kṛcchraṃ śeṣavratāni ca

Translation

การถวายลาเป็นสัตวบูชาในพิธี ย่อมชำระมลทิน “ไนฤตะ” (ฝ่ายทักษิณ/อสูร) ให้บริสุทธิ์ ส่วนบาปจากการกินน้ำผึ้งและเนื้อ พึงปฏิบัติพรตไถ่บาป “กฤจฉระ” พร้อมทั้งรักษาพรตข้ออื่นที่กำหนด

Word by Word
गर्दभम्a donkey
गर्दभम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगर्दभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
पशुम्an animal (as sacrificial victim)
पशुम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपशु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेष्य-रूपेण (as an apposition/qualifier)
आलभ्यhaving offered/sacrificed
आलभ्य:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ + लभ् (धातु) → आलभ्य (ल्यप्-प्रत्यय, अव्यय)
Formल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
नैरृतम्(rite/oblation) for Nirṛti
नैरृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootनैरृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम्—‘belonging to Nirṛti / to the south-west’ (object understood: यज्ञम्/देवता-सम्बन्धः)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
विशुध्यतिis purified
विशुध्यति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + शुध् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्
मधुमांसाशनेin eating honey and meat
मधुमांसाशने:
Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक) + मांस (प्रातिपदिक) + अशन्/अशन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्वपूर्वक तत्पुरुषः (मधु च मांसं च तयोः अशने)
कार्यम्is to be done
कार्यम्:
Kriya (Injunctive predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (धातु) → कार्य (कृदन्त, यत्-प्रत्यय)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; भाव्य/विधेय—‘to be done/required’
कृच्छ्रम्the Kṛcchra penance
कृच्छ्रम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकृच्छ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रायश्चित्त-विशेषः
शेषव्रतानिthe remaining vows (other observances)
शेषव्रतानि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशेष (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), बहुवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थः—‘remaining/other vows’
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Specific impurities and dietary sins have specific prāyaścittas; ritual action and austerity are karmic correctives.

Vedantic Theme: Ritual purity as a preparatory discipline (sādhana-catuṣṭaya’s śama-dama analogue in dharma form) enabling higher pursuit; actions yield consequences requiring remediation.

Application: Follow one’s tradition’s expiation framework for serious breaches; adopt disciplined fasting/observances for self-correction; be cautious with prohibited foods within one’s vows.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bibhatsa

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: directional-ritual space

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.105 (catalog of prāyaścittas for impurities and sins)

Characters & Entities
N
Nirṛti (implied by 'Nairṛta')

FAQs

This verse presents prāyaścitta as a concrete corrective path: specific impurities and dietary transgressions are met with defined penances and vows to restore ritual and moral purity.

By emphasizing purification and expiation, it implies that unresolved sins and impurities affect one’s post-death condition; prāyaścitta is taught as a means to lessen karmic burden before facing afterlife consequences.

Adopt conscious restraint in diet and conduct, and when one errs, undertake sincere corrective discipline (vows, austerity, charity, and repentance) aligned with one’s tradition and guidance.

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