Shloka 32
यज्ञप्रवर्तनम् (Yajña-pravartana) — The Institution/Commencement of Sacrifice in Dvāpara
Devanagari script
एते स्वभावास्तिष्यस्य साधयन्ति च वै प्रजाः / एष धर्मः कृतः कृत्स्नो धर्मश्च परिहीयते
Transliteration
ete svabhāvāstiṣyasya sādhayanti ca vai prajāḥ / eṣa dharmaḥ kṛtaḥ kṛtsno dharmaśca parihīyate
Translation
เหล่านี้คือสันดานของทิษยะ (กาลี) ซึ่งหมู่ประชาย่อมกระทำให้เป็นจริง ธรรมะแห่งกฤตยุคเคยสมบูรณ์ทั้งสิ้น แต่ธรรมะย่อมเสื่อมถอยลงตามลำดับ
Word by Word
एतेthese
एते:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; demonstrative; agrees with ‘स्वभावाः’
स्वभावाःnatural tendencies
स्वभावाः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural
तिष्यस्यof Tiṣya (Kali)
तिष्यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootतिष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; genitive singular
साधयन्तिaccomplish, bring about
साधयन्ति:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√साध् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction (समुच्चय)
वैindeed
वै:
सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; emphatic particle (निपात)
प्रजाःpeople, subjects
प्रजाः:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural
एषःthis
एषः:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; demonstrative; agrees with ‘धर्मः’
धर्मःdharma
धर्मः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular
कृतःmade, established
कृतः:
सम्बन्ध (Predicate)
TypeAdjective
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate to ‘धर्मः’
कृत्स्नःentire, whole
कृत्स्नः:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular; qualifies ‘धर्मः’
धर्मःdharma
धर्मः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular (repeated for contrast)
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction (समुच्चय)
परिहीयतेdiminishes, wanes
परिहीयते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि√हा (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; passive/intransitive sense ‘declines/diminishes’