Brahma Purana — On Varna Mobility Through Conduct, Karma, and Food-Ethics, Shloka 17
Devanagari script
स द्विजो वैश्यताम् एति वैश्यो वा शूद्रताम् इयात् स्वधर्मात् प्रच्युतो विप्रस् ततः शूद्रत्वम् आप्नुयात् //
Translation
นี่คือคาถาที่สิบเจ็ด—สัจจะ ความบริสุทธิ์ เมตตา และขันติ ถูกกล่าวว่าเป็นรากแห่งธรรมะ; ผู้ประพฤติตั้งมั่นในสิ่งเหล่านี้ย่อมเป็นผู้ควรบูชา
Word by Word
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
dvijaḥtwice-born (Brahmin)
dvijaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
vaiśyatāmVaishya-hood
vaiśyatām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśyatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); state/condition noun
etigoes/attains
eti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√i (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
vaiśyaḥa Vaishya
vaiśyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प-अव्यय)
śūdratāmShudra-hood
śūdratām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśūdratā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
iyātmay go/should go
iyāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√i (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
sva-dharmātfrom one’s own duty
sva-dharmāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन)
pracyutaḥfallen away/deviated
pracyutaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra√cyu (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
vipraḥthe Brahmin
vipraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
tataḥthereupon/therefore
tataḥ:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (तस्मात्-अर्थे अव्यय)
śūdratvamShudra status
śūdratvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśūdratva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
āpnuyātmay obtain
āpnuyāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√āp (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
Speaker
Same didactic speaker