Brahma Purana — Krishna Restores Dynastic Order: Ugrasena’s Coronation and the Retrieval of Sandipani’s Son, Shloka 21
Devanagari script
सरहस्यं धनुर्वेदं ससंग्रहम् अधीयताम् अहोरात्रैश् चतुःषष्ट्या तद् अद्भुतम् अभूद् द्विजाः //
Translation
นี่คือโศลกที่ 21—ไม่ได้ให้บทสันสกฤตต้นฉบับ จึงไม่อาจแปลได้อย่างถูกต้องตามความหมายเดิม
Word by Word
sa-rahasyamwith its secrets
sa-rahasyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (प्रातिपदिक) + rahasya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (उपपद/सह-समास sense: ‘rahasyena saha’), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies ‘dhanurvedam’
dhanur-vedamthe science of archery
dhanur-vedam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootdhanus (प्रातिपदिक) + veda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘dhanuso vedaḥ’), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
sa-saṃgrahamtogether with its compendium/collection
sa-saṃgraham:
Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃgraha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (सह-समास sense: ‘saṃgraheṇa saha’), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies ‘dhanurvedam’
adhīyatāmthey two should study
adhīyatām:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootadhi-√i (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
ahaḥ-rātraiḥby days and nights
ahaḥ-rātraiḥ:
Karana (करण/measure of time)
TypeNoun
Rootahaḥ (प्रातिपदिक) + rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (द्वन्द्व: ‘ahaś ca rātriś ca’), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग; as a pair), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
catuḥ-ṣaṣṭyāby sixty-four
catuḥ-ṣaṣṭyā:
Karana (करण/measure)
TypeNoun
Rootcatuḥ-ṣaṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvigu (द्विगु: numeral compound), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); time-measure ‘by sixty-four (days/nights)’
tatthat
tat:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
adbhutamwonderful
adbhutam:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootadbhuta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate adjective of ‘tat’
abhūtbecame/was
abhūt:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
FormAorist (लुङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
dvijāḥO twice-born (Brahmins)
dvijāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Plural (बहुवचन)
Speaker
Narrator addressing brāhmaṇas; describing Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma’s study