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Shloka 55

Parīkṣit’s Inquiry into Vṛtrāsura’s Bhakti and the Beginning of Citraketu’s Trial

न हि क्रमश्चेदिह मृत्युजन्मनो: शरीरिणामस्तु तदात्मकर्मभि: । य: स्‍नेहपाशो निजसर्गवृद्धये स्वयं कृतस्ते तमिमं विवृश्चसि ॥ ५५ ॥

na hi kramaś ced iha mṛtyu-janmanoḥ śarīriṇām astu tad ātma-karmabhiḥ yaḥ sneha-pāśo nija-sarga-vṛddhaye svayaṁ kṛtas te tam imaṁ vivṛścasi

ข้าแต่พระผู้เป็นเจ้า หากพระองค์ตรัสว่าไม่มีข้อบังคับว่าบิดาต้องตายในขณะที่บุตรยังอยู่ หรือบุตรต้องเกิดในขณะที่บิดายังอยู่ เพราะสัตว์ทั้งหลายเกิดและตายตามผลกรรมของตนเอง—แล้วผู้ควบคุมคือพระเจ้าจะจำเป็นอะไร? และหากตรัสว่าต้องมีผู้ควบคุมเพราะพลังวัตถุไม่อาจกระทำเองได้ แต่พระองค์กลับตัดสายใยแห่งความรักที่ทรงสร้างเพื่อการเลี้ยงดูบุตรด้วยข้ออ้างแห่งกรรม; เช่นนั้นใครเล่าจะเลี้ยงลูกด้วยความรัก? ด้วยเหตุนี้พระองค์จึงดูประหนึ่งไร้ประสบการณ์และไร้ปัญญา

nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (particle of negation)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
kramaḥsequence; order
kramaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
cetif
cet:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcet (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle)
ihahere; in this world
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)
mṛtyu-janmanoḥof death and birth
mṛtyu-janmanoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक) + janman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन; ‘मृत्यु’+‘जन्म’ = of death and birth
śarīriṇāmof embodied beings
śarīriṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootśarīrin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
astulet it be
astu:
Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस् धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative/विधिलिङ्-आदेशरूप), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
tatthat
tat:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying)
ātma-karmabhiḥby one’s own actions
ātma-karmabhiḥ:
Karana (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘आत्मनः कर्म’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
yaḥwhich; that (relative)
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-यः (relative pronoun)
sneha-pāśaḥbond/rope of affection
sneha-pāśaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsneha (प्रातिपदिक) + pāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘स्नेहस्य पाशः’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
nija-sarga-vṛddhayefor the increase of one’s own creation/offspring
nija-sarga-vṛddhaye:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/dative purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootnija (प्रातिपदिक) + sarga (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (निजस्य सर्गस्य वृद्धिः), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; प्रयोजन (for the sake of)
svayamby oneself
svayam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formस्वार्थक-अव्यय (reflexive adverb)
kṛtaḥmade; created
kṛtaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛ (कृ धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘कृत’ = made
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘ते’ = of you/your
tamthat
tam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
imamthis
imam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषण
vivṛścasiyou cut off; sever
vivṛścasi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + vṛśc (वृश्च् धातु)
Formलट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

As stated in the Brahma-saṁhitā, karmāṇi nirdahati kintu ca bhakti-bhājām: one who has taken to Kṛṣṇa consciousness, devotional service, is not affected by the results of karma. In this verse, karma has been stressed on the basis of karma-mīmāṁsā philosophy, which says that one must act according to his karma and that a supreme controller must give the results of karma. The subtle laws of karma, which are controlled by the Supreme, cannot be understood by ordinary conditioned souls. Therefore Kṛṣṇa says that one who can understand Him and how He is acting, controlling everything by subtle laws, immediately becomes freed by His grace. That is the statement of Brahma-saṁhitā ( karmāṇi nirdahati kintu ca bhakti-bhājām ). One should take to devotional service without reservations and surrender everything to the supreme will of the Lord. That will make one happy in this life and the next.

C
Citraketu
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī

FAQs

This verse calls attachment a self-made “noose” that increases material bondage; the remedy is to cut it through spiritual understanding and devotion, recognizing karma and the inevitability of birth and death.

The verse states that the apparent order of birth and death for embodied beings is governed by one’s own karmic actions; it is not random, but structured by cause-and-effect.

Grieve without being consumed: remember life’s changes are governed by karma and time, and consciously reduce possessiveness—turning the mind toward prayer, service, and lasting spiritual identity rather than temporary relationships.