Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 17

Vṛtrāsura Instructs Indra on Providence and Devotion; The Slaying of Vṛtrāsura

प्राणग्लहोऽयं समर इष्वक्षो वाहनासन: । अत्र न ज्ञायतेऽमुष्य जयोऽमुष्य पराजय: ॥ १७ ॥

prāṇa-glaho ’yaṁ samara iṣv-akṣo vāhanāsanaḥ atra na jñāyate ’muṣya jayo ’muṣya parājayaḥ

โอ้ศัตรู จงถือว่าศึกนี้ดุจการเล่นพนัน ชีวิตคือเดิมพัน ลูกศรคือเต๋า และสัตว์พาหนะคือกระดานเกม ไม่มีผู้ใดรู้ว่าใครจะพ่ายหรือใครจะชนะ ทั้งหมดขึ้นอยู่กับลิขิตสวรรค์

प्राण-ग्लहःa wager of life
प्राण-ग्लहः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्लह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (प्राणानां ग्लहः = wager of life)
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; निर्देशक (demonstrative)
समरःbattle
समरः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसमर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
इषु-अक्षःwith arrows as dice (metaphor)
इषु-अक्षः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootइषु (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (इषवः अक्षाः यस्य/इषुभिः अक्षः = having arrows as dice/axles; metaphorical)
वाहन-आसनःwith the chariot as the seat/board
वाहन-आसनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवाहन (प्रातिपदिक) + आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (vehicle as seat; i.e., chariot as the board)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (here)
not
:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Negator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation)
ज्ञायतेis known/ascertained
ज्ञायते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present/वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद, कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)
अमुष्यof that one
अमुष्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; दूरवाचक (of that one)
जयःvictory
जयः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
अमुष्यof that (other) one
अमुष्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन
पराजयःdefeat
पराजयः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपराजय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
V
Vṛtrāsura
I
Indra

FAQs

In this verse, Vṛtrāsura says battle is like a life-and-death gamble—arrows are the dice—so one cannot be certain who will win or lose.

To highlight the unpredictability of outcomes in combat and to frame the encounter as a fearless acceptance of destiny, rather than pride in assured victory.

Do your duty with courage and integrity, but remain detached from outcomes—success and failure are not always controllable, so steadiness of mind matters most.