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Shloka 1

Parīkṣit’s Vow on the Gaṅgā and the Advent of Śukadeva Gosvāmī

सूत उवाच महीपतिस्त्वथ तत्कर्म गर्ह्यं विचिन्तयन्नात्मकृतं सुदुर्मना: । अहो मया नीचमनार्यवत्कृतं निरागसि ब्रह्मणि गूढतेजसि ॥ १ ॥

sūta uvāca mahī-patis tv atha tat-karma garhyaṁ vicintayann ātma-kṛtaṁ sudurmanāḥ aho mayā nīcam anārya-vat kṛtaṁ nirāgasi brahmaṇi gūḍha-tejasi

ศรีสูตกล่าวว่า ระหว่างเสด็จกลับ พระราชาปริกษิตครุ่นคิดถึงการกระทำอันน่าติเตียนที่ตนทำต่อพราหมณ์ผู้ไร้มลทินและทรงเดชเร้นลับ จึงเศร้าหมองยิ่งนัก

sūtaḥSūta
sūtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
mahī-patiḥthe king (lord of the earth)
mahī-patiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (षष्ठी: 'lord of the earth'); Masculine, Nominative, Singular
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) adversative/emphatic
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) 'then/now'
tat-karmathat act
tat-karma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound ('that deed'); Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
garhyamblameworthy
garhyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootgarhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; predicate adjective qualifying tat-karma
vicintayanreflecting/considering
vicintayan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√cint (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with mahī-patiḥ
ātma-kṛtamdone by himself
ātma-kṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ)
FormTatpuruṣa compound ('done by oneself'); Past passive participle used adjectivally; Neuter, Accusative, Singular; qualifies tat-karma
su-durmanāḥvery downcast
su-durmanāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + durmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya/Upapada-like intensification ('very dejected'); Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ahoalas!/oh!
aho:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
FormExclamation particle (विस्मयादि-निपात)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
nīcambase/low
nīcam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootnīca (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; used adverbially qualifying kṛtam ('a low act')
anārya-vatlike an uncivilized man
anārya-vat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanārya (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
FormComparative indeclinable with -वत् (वत्-प्रत्यय), adverbial 'like an ignoble person'
kṛtamdone (deed)
kṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ (धातु))
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative, Singular; used as verbal noun 'a deed done'
nirāgasiin one who is sinless
nirāgasi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnir-āgas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; qualifies brahmaṇi
brahmaṇiin the brāhmaṇa
brahmaṇi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
gūḍha-tejasiin one of concealed power
gūḍha-tejasi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgūḍha (प्रातिपदिक) + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya compound ('hidden splendor'); Neuter, Locative, Singular; qualifies brahmaṇi

The pious King regretted his accidental improper treatment of the powerful brāhmaṇa, who was faultless. Such repentance is natural for a good man like the King, and such repentance delivers a devotee from all kinds of sins accidentally committed. The devotees are naturally faultless. Accidental sins committed by a devotee are sincerely regretted, and by the grace of the Lord all sins unwillingly committed by a devotee are burnt in the fire of repentance.

S
Sūta Gosvāmī
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja
Ś
Śamīka Ṛṣi

FAQs

This verse shows Parīkṣit Mahārāja immediately condemning his own act and feeling deep remorse—teaching that recognizing one’s fault and sincerely regretting it is the first step toward rectification.

He realized he had disrespected a faultless brāhmaṇa (Śamīka Ṛṣi) by his own action, which violates dharma and the traditional reverence due to sages.

When you make a mistake—especially toward a sincere, principled person—acknowledge it without excuses, feel genuine remorse, and take corrective steps rather than justifying the wrongdoing.