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Shloka 42

The Rise of Soma-vaṁśa: Budha’s Birth and Purūravā–Urvaśī; The Origin of Karma-kāṇḍa in Tretā-yuga

गन्धर्वानुपधावेमांस्तुभ्यं दास्यन्ति मामिति । तस्य संस्तुवतस्तुष्टा अग्निस्थालीं ददुर्नृप । उर्वशीं मन्यमानस्तां सोऽबुध्यत चरन् वने ॥ ४२ ॥

gandharvān upadhāvemāṁs tubhyaṁ dāsyanti mām iti tasya saṁstuvatas tuṣṭā agni-sthālīṁ dadur nṛpa urvaśīṁ manyamānas tāṁ so ’budhyata caran vane

อุรวศีกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่พระราชา จงไปพึ่งพาเหล่าคันธรรพ์เถิด เขาจะสามารถมอบข้าคืนแก่พระองค์ได้อีก” พระราชาสรรเสริญจนคันธรรพ์พอใจ และเมื่อยินดีแล้วพวกเขาก็มอบหญิงสาว ‘อัคนิสถาลี’ ผู้มีรูปโฉมเหมือนอุรวศีให้ พระองค์เข้าใจว่าเป็นอุรวศีจึงเดินไปกับนางในป่า แต่ภายหลังจึงรู้ว่านางมิใช่อุรวศี หากเป็นอัคนิสถาลี

gandharvānthe Gandharvas
gandharvān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgandharva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन
upadhāvaapproach
upadhāva:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa+√dhāv (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘run up/approach!’
imānthese
imān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘these’ (referring to gandharvān)
tubhyamto you
tubhyam:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; dative ‘to you’
dāsyantithey will give
dāsyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
māmme
mām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-dyotaka (वाक्यार्थद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative)
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; ‘of him’
saṁstuvataḥof (him) praising
saṁstuvataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootsam+√stu (धातु)
Formशतृ/वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘while he was praising’
tuṣṭāḥpleased
tuṣṭāḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roottuṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agreeing with implied ‘gandharvāḥ’
agni-sthālīma fire-pan (fire vessel)
agni-sthālīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक) + sthālī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (षष्ठी): अग्नेः स्थाली; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
daduḥthey gave
daduḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dā (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
nṛpaO king
nṛpa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
urvaśīmUrvaśī
urvaśīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rooturvaśī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
manyamānaḥthinking (her to be)
manyamānaḥ:
Kartṛ (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√man (धातु)
Formशानच्/वर्तमानकृदन्त (present middle participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘thinking/considering’
tāmthat (one)
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; refers to the fire-pan
saḥhe
saḥ:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
abudhyatanoticed/understood
abudhyata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√budh (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; ‘he realized/understood’ (negated by context: ‘did not notice’ often)
caranwalking
caran:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√car (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘walking’
vanein the forest
vane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन

Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura remarks that Purūravā was very lusty. Immediately after getting the Agnisthālī girl, he wanted to have sex with her, but during sexual intercourse he could understand that the girl was Agnisthālī, not Urvaśī. This indicates that every man attached to a particular woman knows the particular characteristics of that woman during sex life. Thus Purūravā understood during sexual intercourse that the Agnisthālī girl was not Urvaśī.

G
Gandharvas
P
Purūravā
U
Urvaśī

FAQs

The Gandharvas, pleased by Purūravā’s prayers, give him an agni-sthālī (fire-pot), but he becomes so attached and deluded that he mistakes it for Urvaśī while wandering in the forest.

In this episode, the Gandharvas respond to his praise by granting a ritual means (sacred fire) rather than fulfilling his emotional fixation—redirecting him toward dharma and regulated life instead of uncontrolled longing.

Strong attachment can distort perception; the verse warns that obsession makes us project our desires onto objects and situations, so spiritual discipline and clarity are needed to see reality as it is.