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Shloka 40

Kali-yuga’s Degradation, the Advent of Kalki, and the Reset of the Yuga Cycle

राजन्नेते मया प्रोक्ता नरदेवास्तथापरे । भूमौ ममत्वं कृत्वान्ते हित्वेमां निधनं गता: ॥ ४० ॥

rājann ete mayā proktā nara-devās tathāpare bhūmau mamatvaṁ kṛtvānte hitvemāṁ nidhanaṁ gatāḥ

ข้าแต่พระราชาปริกษิต กษัตริย์มนุษย์เหล่านี้ที่ข้าพเจ้าได้กล่าวแล้ว รวมทั้งผู้อื่นทั้งปวง ยึดถือแผ่นดินนี้ว่า ‘ของเรา’ แต่ท้ายที่สุดก็ต้องละทิ้งมันและไปสู่ความพินาศ

राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
एतेthese
एते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
मयाby me
मया:
Kartr-karana (कर्तृ-करण/Agent expressed instrumentally)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तम-पुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
प्रोक्ताःdeclared/told
प्रोक्ताः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative participle)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘having been told/declared’ (passive sense)
नर-देवाःkings (human gods)
नर-देवाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (देवाः इव नराः = kings)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रिया-विशेषण/Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise/so)
अपरेothers
अपरे:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
भूमौon the earth
भूमौ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
ममत्वम्sense of ‘mine’-ness
ममत्वम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootममत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
कृत्वाhaving made/assuming
कृत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive)
अन्तेin the end
अन्ते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive)
इमाम्this (earth)
इमाम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
निधनम्death/end
निधनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object/goal)
TypeNoun
Rootनिधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
गताःwent/attained
गताः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative participle)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; ‘gone’
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja

FAQs

This verse states that rulers who develop mamatva—thinking the earth is ‘mine’—ultimately must abandon it and meet death, highlighting the futility of possessive pride.

In the Kali-yuga context, Śukadeva illustrates that worldly sovereignty is temporary and often corrupted by possessiveness, guiding Parīkṣit toward renunciation and exclusive devotion to the Lord.

It encourages reducing ego-based ownership—of property, status, or control—and cultivating stewardship, humility, and devotion, remembering that everything material must be left behind.