Shloka 25

Kali-yuga’s Degradation, the Advent of Kalki, and the Reset of the Yuga Cycle

Devanagari script

येऽतीता वर्तमाना ये भविष्यन्ति च पार्थिवा: । ते त उद्देशत: प्रोक्ता वंशीया: सोमसूर्ययो: ॥ २५ ॥

Transliteration

ye ’tītā vartamānā ye bhaviṣyanti ca pārthivāḥ te ta uddeśataḥ proktā vaṁśīyāḥ soma-sūryayoḥ

Translation

ดังนี้เราได้กล่าวโดยสังเขปถึงกษัตริย์ทั้งปวง—อดีต ปัจจุบัน และอนาคต—ผู้สืบสายจากวงศ์สุริยะและวงศ์จันทรา

Synonyms

• ये: those who
• ये: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); सम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• अतीताः: past
• अतीताः: विशेषण (of पार्थिवाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतीत (प्रातिपदिक; अति+इ धातोः PPP)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); भूतकृदन्त (PPP)

• वर्तमानाः: present (existing)
• वर्तमानाः: विशेषण (of पार्थिवाः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृत् (धातु) → वर्तमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle/शतृ)

• ये: those who
• ये: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); पुनरुक्त-सम्बन्धवाचक (repeated relative pronoun)

• भविष्यन्ति: will be (in the future)
• भविष्यन्ति: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• पार्थिवाः: kings/earthly rulers
• पार्थिवाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• ते: they
• ते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); अन्वादेश (correlative pronoun)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: सम्बन्ध (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थ (but/indeed)

• उद्देशतः: in outline/by enumeration
• उद्देशतः: रीति/प्रकार (manner adjunct)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद्देश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb): ‘by way of enumeration/briefly’

• प्रोक्ताः: have been described
• प्रोक्ताः: क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + वच् (धातु) → प्रोक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); भूतकृदन्त (PPP); कर्मणि प्रयोग-भाव (passive sense: ‘have been said’)

• वंशीयाः: belonging to the dynasties
• वंशीयाः: विशेषण (of कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वंशीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (of ते/पार्थिवाः)

• सोम-सूर्ययोः: of Soma and Sūrya
• सोम-सूर्ययोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक) + सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन (Dual); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः: सोमः च सूर्यः च

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about the Solar and Lunar dynasties?

This verse states that the kings of the past, present, and future are described in brief as descendants of the Solar (Sūrya-vaṁśa) and Lunar (Soma/Chandra-vaṁśa) lines.

Why does Shukadeva Gosvami describe the dynasties only briefly?

Because the Bhagavatam’s purpose is to guide the listener toward devotion to Bhagavān; the genealogies are given as an outline to situate history and time, not as the main focus.

Practical application of this teaching in modern life?

It reminds us that worldly power and fame pass through time; instead of clinging to temporary status, one should seek lasting spiritual shelter through bhakti.