Shloka 4
Vasudeva and Devakī Glorify Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma; The Recovery of Devakī’s Six Sons from Sutala
यत्र येन यतो यस्य यस्मै यद् यद् यथा यदा । स्यादिदं भगवान् साक्षात् प्रधानपुरुषेश्वर: ॥ ४ ॥
yatra yena yato yasya yasmai yad yad yathā yadā syād idaṁ bhagavān sākṣāt pradhāna-puruṣeśvaraḥ
ข้าแต่พระผู้เป็นเจ้า พระองค์ทรงเป็นองค์อธิศวรแห่งปรธานะและปุรุษะโดยตรง สิ่งใดก็ตามที่เกิดขึ้น—ที่ไหน โดยสิ่งใด จากที่ใด ของผู้ใด เพื่อผู้ใด อย่างไร และเมื่อใด—ทั้งหมดนั้นเกิดขึ้นในพระองค์ โดยพระองค์ จากพระองค์ เพื่อพระองค์ และสัมพันธ์กับพระองค์เท่านั้น
To casual observers the known world appears to be produced by many different agents. A good indication of this conception is language itself, which traditional Sanskrit grammarians explain as reflecting the visible diversity of nature. In the standard Sanskrit grammar taught by the sage Pāṇini, the verb, expressing action, is taken to be the essential core of a sentence, and all the other words function in relation to it. Nouns, for example, are put into any of several cases to show their particular relationship to the verb in a sentence. These relationships of noun to verb are called kārakas, namely the relations of subject ( kartā, “who does”), object ( karma, “what is done”), instrument ( karaṇa, “by which”), recipient ( sampradāna, “for or toward which”), source ( apadāna, “from or because of which”) and location ( adhikaraṇa, “in which”). Apart from these kārakas, nouns may also sometimes point to other nouns in a possessive sense, and there are also various kinds of adverbs of time, place and manner. But although language thus seems to indicate the activity of many separate agents in the manifest creation, the deeper truth is that all grammatical forms refer first of all to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. In this verse Vasudeva makes this point by glorifying his two exalted sons in terms of the different grammatical forms.
FAQs
This verse states that whatever exists in any place, time, form, or relation is directly Bhagavān, the Lord who governs both material nature (pradhāna) and the living beings (puruṣa).
In this chapter Kṛṣṇa instructs Vasudeva in profound Bhagavata philosophy, establishing that all causes, conditions, and manifestations ultimately rest in the Supreme Lord, strengthening Vasudeva’s devotional understanding.
Practice seeing every circumstance—success, loss, relationships, and time itself—as under the Lord’s governance, which cultivates humility, steadiness, and devotion rather than anxiety and blame.