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Shloka 29

Nanda Mahārāja Celebrates Kṛṣṇa’s Birth; Vasudeva Warns of Danger

श्रीनन्द उवाच अहो ते देवकीपुत्रा: कंसेन बहवो हता: । एकावशिष्टावरजा कन्या सापि दिवं गता ॥ २९ ॥

śrī-nanda uvāca aho te devakī-putrāḥ kaṁsena bahavo hatāḥ ekāvaśiṣṭāvarajā kanyā sāpi divaṁ gatā

ศรีนันทะกล่าวว่า—อนิจจา! บุตรของเทวะกีจำนวนมากถูกกังสะสังหาร และธิดาคนสุดท้องที่เหลืออยู่เพียงคนเดียวก็ขึ้นสู่สวรรค์แล้ว

śrī-nandaḥNanda (honorific Śrī)
śrī-nandaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + nanda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
ahoalas!/oh!
aho:
Bhāva-prakāśaka (भावप्रकाशक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
FormExclamation particle (विस्मयादि-निपात)
teyour/of you
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th), Singular
devakī-putrāḥsons of Devakī
devakī-putrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdevakī (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural (बहुवचन)
kaṁsenaby Kaṁsa
kaṁsena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkaṁsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
bahavaḥmany
bahavaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; qualifies devakī-putrāḥ
hatāḥkilled
hatāḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु) (क्त/PPP)
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative Plural; agrees with devakī-putrāḥ
ekāone
ekā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies kanyā
avaśiṣṭāremaining
avaśiṣṭā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootava-√śiṣ (धातु) (क्त/PPP)
FormPast Passive Participle used adjectivally, Feminine, Nominative Singular; qualifies kanyā
avarajāyounger
avarajā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavarajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular; qualifies kanyā
kanyāgirl/daughter
kanyā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkanyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), additive/emphatic
divamto heaven/sky
divam:
Gati-karma (गतिकर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdiv (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
gatāwent
gatā:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु) (क्त/PPP)
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative Singular; agrees with sā/kanyā

When Vasudeva understood from Nanda Mahārāja that the mystery of Kṛṣṇa’s birth and His having been exchanged with Yaśodā’s daughter was yet undisclosed, he was happy that things were going on nicely. By saying that Vasudeva’s daughter, his youngest child, had gone to the heavenly planets, Nanda Mahārāja indicated that he did not know that this daughter was born of Yaśodā and that Vasudeva had exchanged her with Kṛṣṇa. Thus the doubts of Vasudeva were dispelled.

N
Nanda Mahārāja
D
Devakī
K
Kaṁsa

FAQs

This verse recalls that Kaṁsa, driven by fear of a prophecy about his death, murdered many of Devakī’s sons—showing how fear and adharma lead to cruelty and downfall.

Nanda speaks to Vasudeva in a mood of sympathy and shared family concern, acknowledging Devakī’s suffering under Kaṁsa while discussing recent events around Kṛṣṇa’s birth and protection.

It highlights compassion for others’ suffering and warns that fear-based, selfish actions (like Kaṁsa’s) destroy righteousness—encouraging faith, protection of the innocent, and dharmic conduct.