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Shloka 19

Trivakrā’s Transformation and the Breaking of Kaṁsa’s Bow

Mathurā-līlā Prelude

तद् रक्षिण: सानुचरं कुपिता आततायिन: । गृहीतुकामा आवव्रुर्गृह्यतां वध्यतामिति ॥ १९ ॥

tad-rakṣiṇaḥ sānucaraṁ kupitā ātatāyinaḥ gṛhītu-kāmā āvavrur gṛhyatāṁ vadhyatām iti

เหล่าทหารยามที่โกรธเกรี้ยวพร้อมพรรคพวกชักอาวุธ พุ่งเข้ามาดุจผู้ร้ายหมายเอาชีวิต ล้อมเพื่อจะจับพระกฤษณะและสหาย แล้วตะโกนว่า “จับไว้! ฆ่าเสีย!”

तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; ‘that (act/thing)’ (contextual)
रक्षिणःthe guards
रक्षिणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन
स-अनुचरम्together with attendants
स-अनुचरम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनुचर (प्रातिपदिक) + स (अव्यय-पूर्वक)
Formअव्ययीभाव; क्रियाविशेषण (with attendants)
कुपिताःenraged
कुपिताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकुपित (प्रातिपदिक; √कुप्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; रक्षिणः विशेषणम्
आततायिनःassailants/attackers
आततायिनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootआततायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; रक्षिणः विशेषणरूपेण
गृहीतु-कामाःdesiring to seize
गृहीतु-कामाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootगृहीतु (√ग्रह्; तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त) + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formउपपद-तत्पुरुष (गृहीतुं कामाः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; रक्षिणः विशेषणम्
आवव्रुःsurrounded/closed in
आवव्रुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√वृ (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
गृह्यताम्let (him) be seized
गृह्यताम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया; आदेश)
TypeVerb
Root√ग्रह् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), कर्मणि (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आज्ञार्थ
वध्यताम्let (him) be killed
वध्यताम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया; आदेश)
TypeVerb
Root√वध् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), कर्मणि (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आज्ञार्थ
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्ति-निपात (quotative particle)
K
Kṛṣṇa
K
Kaṁsa
K
Kaṁsa's guards

FAQs

This verse shows that when adharma rules (Kaṁsa’s court), even ordinary guards become aggressive toward the Lord, attempting to seize and kill Him—highlighting the hostility that surrounds Kṛṣṇa’s Mathurā līlā.

Because Kaṁsa’s administration viewed Kṛṣṇa as a threat; the guards, inflamed with anger, acted like attackers and moved to arrest and execute Him on the spot.

This verse reminds devotees that hostility often arises when truth confronts injustice; by remembering Kṛṣṇa’s fearlessness and taking shelter of dharma and devotion, one can remain composed under pressure.