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Shloka 20

Veṇu-gīta-āhvāna and the Gopīs’ Appeal: The Opening of Rāsa-līlā

मातर: पितर: पुत्रा भ्रातर: पतयश्च व: । विचिन्वन्ति ह्यपश्यन्तो मा कृढ्‌वं बन्धुसाध्वसम् ॥ २० ॥

mātaraḥ pitaraḥ putrā bhrātaraḥ patayaś ca vaḥ vicinvanti hy apaśyanto mā kṛḍhvaṁ bandhu-sādhvasam

เมื่อไม่พบพวกเธอที่บ้าน มารดา บิดา บุตร พี่น้อง และสามีของพวกเธอย่อมออกตามหาแน่นอน อย่าทำให้ญาติมิตรต้องกังวลเลย

mātaraḥmothers
mātaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
pitaraḥfathers
pitaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
putrāḥsons
putrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
bhrātaraḥbrothers
bhrātaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
patayaḥhusbands
patayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)
vaḥyour
vaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī (6th), Bahuvacana enclitic; ‘of you/your’
vicinvantiare searching for
vicinvanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√ci (धातु)
FormLaṭ lakāra (लट्, present), Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात) giving emphasis/causal nuance
apaśyantaḥnot seeing (you)
apaśyantaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Roota-√paś (धातु)
FormŚatṛ present participle (शतृ), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; ‘not seeing (you)’ qualifying the searchers
do not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormProhibitive particle (निषेधार्थक) used with imperative
kṛḍhvammake, cause
kṛḍhvam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormLoṭ lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama puruṣa (2nd), Bahuvacana; Vedic/epic form for kuruta/kuru-dhvam
bandhu-sādhvasamanxiety (to) your kin
bandhu-sādhvasam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbandhu (प्रातिपदिक) + sādhvasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa ‘fear/anxiety for (your) relatives’
G
Gopīs

FAQs

In this verse, Kṛṣṇa reminds the gopīs that their relatives are anxiously searching for them and urges them not to cause distress—highlighting the tension between social duty (dharma) and the pull of devotion, which Kṛṣṇa deliberately tests and refines.

Kṛṣṇa speaks to the gopīs to test the purity and seriousness of their devotion and to show that genuine spiritual love is not mere impulse; it is conscious, responsible, and willing to face the implications of transcending ordinary social roles.

Pursue spiritual life without neglecting or casually harming dependents—practice devotion with integrity, communicate responsibly, and avoid creating fear or instability for family members while deepening bhakti.