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Shloka 25

The Vraja Elders Question Kṛṣṇa’s Identity; Nanda Recounts Garga’s Prophecy

Devanagari script

देवे वर्षति यज्ञविप्लवरुषा वज्राश्मवर्षानिलै:सीदत्पालपशुस्त्रियात्मशरणं द‍ृष्ट्वानुकम्प्युत्स्मयन् । उत्पाट्यैककरेण शैलमबलो लीलोच्छिलीन्ध्रं यथाबिभ्रद् गोष्ठमपान्महेन्द्रमदभित् प्रीयान्न इन्द्रो गवाम् ॥ २५ ॥

Transliteration

deve varṣati yajña-viplava-ruṣā vajrāsma-varṣānilaiḥ sīdat-pāla-paśu-striy ātma-śaraṇaṁ dṛṣṭvānukampy utsmayan utpāṭyaika-kareṇa śailam abalo līlocchilīndhraṁ yathā bibhrad goṣṭham apān mahendra-mada-bhit prīyān na indro gavām

Translation

เมื่อพิธีบูชายัญถูกรบกวน อินทราโกรธจัด จึงให้ฝนห่าใหญ่ ลูกเห็บ สายฟ้า และลมแรงถาโถมลงที่โคกุละ ทำให้เหล่าคนเลี้ยงวัว สัตว์ และสตรีเดือดร้อนยิ่ง ผู้มีพระกฤษณะเป็นที่พึ่งเพียงหนึ่งเดียว เมื่อพระกฤษณะผู้เปี่ยมกรุณาเห็นสภาพนั้นก็ยิ้ม แล้วทรงยกเขาโควรรธนะด้วยพระหัตถ์เดียว ดุจเด็กน้อยหยิบเห็ดมาเล่น ทรงชูเขาปกป้องชุมชนคนเลี้ยงวัว และทำลายความหยิ่งผยองของมหาอินทรา ขอพระโควินทะ เจ้าแห่งโคทั้งหลาย โปรดพอพระทัยในพวกเราเถิด

Synonyms
देवेwhen the god (Indra)
देवे:
सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध (Locative absolute base)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘when the god (Indra) ...’
वर्षतिwas raining
वर्षति:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Root√वृष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
यज्ञ-विप्लव-रुषाwith anger over the ruined sacrifice
यज्ञ-विप्लव-रुषा:
करण (Karana/Instrument; cause-instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) + विप्लव (प्रातिपदिक) + रुष्/रुषा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (यज्ञस्य विप्लवः तस्मात् रुषा = by anger due to the disruption of the sacrifice)
वज्र-अश्म-वर्ष-अनिलैःwith thunderbolts, hail/stone-rain, and winds
वज्र-अश्म-वर्ष-अनिलैः:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अश्म (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + अनिल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व (वज्राश्मवर्षाः च अनिलाः च = thunderbolts, stone-rain, and winds)
सीदत्-पाःल-पशु-स्त्रीthe afflicted herdsmen, animals, and women
सीदत्-पाःल-पशु-स्त्री:
कर्म (Karma/Object of दृष्ट्वा)
TypeNoun
Rootसीदत् (प्रातिपदिक; √सद् + शतृ) + पाल (प्रातिपदिक) + पशु (प्रातिपदिक) + स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; समाहार/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (पालाः, पशवः, स्त्रियः—(all) suffering)
आत्म-शरणम्having (him) as their refuge
आत्म-शरणम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival to the group seen)
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (आत्मा शरणं यस्य/यत् = taking oneself as refuge; here: ‘taking him (Kṛṣṇa) as their refuge’)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having seen’
अनुकम्प्यhaving compassion
अनुकम्प्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√कम्प् (धातु)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वान्त-समकक्ष (Gerund in -ya), अव्ययभाव; ‘having shown compassion/being compassionate’
उत्स्मयन्smiling
उत्स्मयन्:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent participle)
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√स्मि (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘smiling’
उत्पाट्यhaving uprooted
उत्पाट्य:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√पट्/√पाट् (धातु)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वान्त-समकक्ष (Gerund in -ya), अव्ययभाव; ‘having uprooted/torn up’
एक-करेणwith one hand
एक-करेण:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक) + कर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (एकेन करेण = with one hand)
शैलम्the mountain
शैलम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of बिभ्रत्)
TypeNoun
Rootशैल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
अबलः(though) a mere boy
अबलः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; epithet of Kṛṣṇa)
TypeAdjective
Rootअबल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (lit. ‘not strong/just a boy’)
लीला-उच्छिलीन्ध्रम्like a playful umbrella/toy (poetic)
लीला-उच्छिलीन्ध्रम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival to शैलम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootलीला (प्रातिपदिक) + उच्छिलीन्ध्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (लीलया उच्छिलीन्ध्रम् = as if a playful mushroom/umbrella-like object; poetic epithet of the mountain held like a toy)
यथाjust as
यथा:
उपमान-सम्बन्ध (Comparison marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (comparative adverb)
बिभ्रत्holding
बिभ्रत्:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent participle)
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘bearing/holding’
गोष्ठम्the cowherd settlement
गोष्ठम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of अपात्)
TypeNoun
Rootगोष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
अपात्protected
अपात्:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Root√पा (धातु; pā ‘to protect’)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
महेन्द्र-मद-भित्the breaker of Indra’s pride
महेन्द्र-मद-भित्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; epithet of Kṛṣṇa)
TypeNoun
Rootमहेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + मद (प्रातिपदिक) + भिद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (महेन्द्रस्य मदं भिनत्ति इति = breaker of Mahendra’s pride)
प्रीयान्dear/pleasing
प्रीयान्:
विशेषण (Adjectival to इन्द्रः/implicit subject relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीयस्/प्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तुलनात्मक/विशेषण (very dear/pleasing)
नःto us/our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; enclitic
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
Purport

The word indra means “lord” or “king.” Thus in this verse Kṛṣṇa is pointedly called indro gavām, “the Lord of the cows.” In fact, He is the real Indra, the real ruler, of everyone, and the demigods are merely His servants, representing His supreme will.

Characters & Entities
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
I
Indra (Mahendra)
V
Vraja-gopas (cowherd men)
V
Vraja-gopīs (cowherd women)

FAQs

This verse describes how the Vraja residents took shelter of Kṛṣṇa during Indra’s destructive storm, and Kṛṣṇa compassionately protected them by lifting Govardhana—showing that surrender to Him brings divine protection.

Indra attacked Vraja with thunder, hail, and wind to punish the cowherds; seeing their distress and surrender, Kṛṣṇa lifted the mountain to shelter them and to break Indra’s pride.

When overwhelmed by “storms” (fear, crisis, pressure), take shelter of God through prayer, steadiness, and dharma; the verse teaches humility (not ego) and trust that sincere devotion is protected.

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