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Shloka 18

Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma’s Forest Games and the Slaying of Pralamba

तं विद्वानपि दाशार्हो भगवान् सर्वदर्शन: । अन्वमोदत तत्सख्यं वधं तस्य विचिन्तयन् ॥ १८ ॥

taṁ vidvān api dāśārho bhagavān sarva-darśanaḥ anvamodata tat-sakhyaṁ vadhaṁ tasya vicintayan

แม้ทรงรู้ดี แต่พระกฤษณะผู้เป็นภควาน ผู้บังเกิดในวงศ์ทศารหะและทรงเห็นทุกสิ่ง ก็ยังทรงแสร้งยอมรับมิตรภาพนั้น พร้อมกันนั้นก็ทรงใคร่ครวญวิธีสังหารเขาอย่างจริงจัง

तम्him
तम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
विद्वान्knowing (fully aware)
विद्वान्:
विशेषण (Qualifier of कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक; √विद् धातु-जन्य कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त-विशेषण (past participial adjective), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); 'knowing'
अपिeven/although
अपि:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya), अवधान/अपवादार्थक (particle: even/although)
दाशार्हःthe descendant of Daśārha (Kṛṣṇa)
दाशार्हः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदाशार्ह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
भगवान्the Lord
भगवान्:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject; appositive)
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
सर्वदर्शनःall-seeing
सर्वदर्शनः:
विशेषण (Qualifier of कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक; सर्व + दर्शन)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः: 'सर्वं दर्शनं यस्य/सर्वं पश्यति' (all-seeing)
अन्वमोदतapproved/assented to
अन्वमोदत:
क्रिया (Verb; action of Kartā)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + मुद् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
तत्-सख्यम्that friendship (with him)
तत्-सख्यम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम) + सख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः: 'तस्य सख्यम्' (friendship with him)
वधम्the killing
वधम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object; intended act)
TypeNoun
Rootवध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
तस्यof him
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter), षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
विचिन्तयन्pondering/considering
विचिन्तयन्:
कर्ता (Kartā; participle qualifying subject)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चिन्त् (धातु) → विचिन्तयत् (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (Present active participle/शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); समकालिक-क्रिया (concomitant action)
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
D
Duryodhana

FAQs

This verse explains that although Kṛṣṇa knew Duryodhana’s nature, He still accepted the outward friendship—while contemplating the means by which that adharmic person would ultimately be destroyed, in accordance with His divine plan.

“Sarva-darśanaḥ” means Kṛṣṇa sees everything—past, present, and future; thus His actions, even when appearing ordinary or diplomatic, are guided by complete knowledge and purpose.

It teaches discernment: one may remain courteous and strategic in relationships, without being naïve—keeping dharma and long-term consequences in view rather than reacting impulsively.