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Shloka 41

Aghāsura-vadha: The Killing and Deliverance of Aghāsura

श्रीराजोवाच ब्रह्मन्कालान्तरकृतं तत्कालीनं कथं भवेत् । यत् कौमारे हरिकृतं जगु: पौगण्डकेऽर्भका: ॥ ४१ ॥

śrī-rājovāca brahman kālāntara-kṛtaṁ tat-kālīnaṁ kathaṁ bhavet yat kaumāre hari-kṛtaṁ jaguḥ paugaṇḍake ’rbhakāḥ

มหาราชตรัสถามว่า: โอ้พราหมณ์ เหตุที่เกิดขึ้นในกาลก่อน เหตุใดจึงถูกกล่าวราวกับเกิดขึ้นในเวลานั้น? พระหริทรงกระทำลีลานี้ในวัยกุมาร แล้วเหตุใดเมื่อถึงวัยเปากัณฑะ เด็กๆ จึงเล่าว่าเพิ่งเกิดขึ้นไม่นาน?

śrī-rājāthe honored king
śrī-rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + rājā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (‘श्रीमान् राजा’)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
brahmanO brāhmaṇa
brahman:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/vocative), एकवचन
kāla-antara-kṛtamdone at another time
kāla-antara-kṛtam:
Karma (कर्म/predicative of implied ‘etat’)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक) + antara (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (कृत; √kṛ—कृदन्त, PPP)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (‘कालान्तर’ = at another time; ‘कृत’ = done)
tat-kālīnambelonging to that time
tat-kālīnam:
Karma (कर्म/predicative complement)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + kālīna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (‘तत्काले’ भवम्)
kathamhow
katham:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: how)
bhavetcould be/would become
bhavet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
yatthat which
yat:
Karma (कर्म/object—‘that which’)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; relative pronoun
kaumārein childhood
kaumāre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootkaumāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन
hari-kṛtamdone by Hari
hari-kṛtam:
Karma (कर्म/predicate of yat)
TypeAdjective
Roothari (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (कृत; √kṛ—PPP)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (‘हरिणा कृतम्’)
jaguḥsang/recited
jaguḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gai (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
paugaṇḍakein boyhood (paugaṇḍa age)
paugaṇḍake:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpaugaṇḍaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
arbhakāḥthe children
arbhakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootarbhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
K
King Parīkṣit
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
H
Hari (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)

FAQs

Because the cowherd boys, now described as in paugaṇḍa boyhood, are praising deeds Kṛṣṇa performed in their earlier kaumāra childhood, and Parīkṣit wants to understand how this chronological shift is being presented.

They are stages of childhood: kaumāra refers to early childhood, while paugaṇḍa refers to a later boyhood stage; this verse contrasts the two to highlight the apparent time discrepancy in the narration.

It models attentive, respectful inquiry—when something in scripture seems inconsistent, a sincere student asks clarifying questions rather than dismissing the text, deepening understanding and devotion.