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Shloka 46

Parīkṣit’s Questions and the Prelude to Kṛṣṇa’s Advent

Earth’s Burden, Viṣṇu’s Order, and Kaṁsa’s Fear

श्रीशुक उवाच एवं स सामभिर्भेदैर्बोध्यमानोऽपि दारुण: । न न्यवर्तत कौरव्य पुरुषादाननुव्रत: ॥ ४६ ॥

śrī-śuka uvāca evaṁ sa sāmabhir bhedair bodhyamāno ’pi dāruṇaḥ na nyavartata kauravya puruṣādān anuvrataḥ

ศรีศุกเทวะกล่าวว่า โอ ผู้ประเสริฐแห่งวงศ์กุรุ! แม้จะถูกตักเตือนด้วยถ้อยคำอ่อนโยนและวิธีการต่าง ๆ ก็ตาม แต่กังสะผู้โหดเหี้ยมก็ไม่ยอมถอย เพราะเขาเป็นผู้ตามวิสัยรากษสา เขาไม่ใส่ใจผลแห่งบาป ทั้งในชาตินี้และชาติหน้า

śrī-śukaḥŚrī Śuka
śrī-śukaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + śuka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); proper name; karmadhāraya honorific
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
evamthus
evam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; manner adverb (प्रकारवाचक)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
sāmabhiḥby conciliatory words
sāmabhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)
bhedaiḥby arguments/strategies (of division)
bhedaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbheda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)
bodhyamānaḥbeing instructed/persuaded
bodhyamānaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√budh (धातु)
FormPresent passive participle (शानच्; कर्मणि), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
apieven though
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; concessive particle (अपि)
dāruṇaḥcruel/harsh
dāruṇaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdāruṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; negation (निषेध)
nyavartataturned back/desisted
nyavartata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni√vṛt (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
kauravyaO descendant of Kuru
kauravya:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootkauravya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)
puruṣa-adānfrom violence (man-seizing)
puruṣa-adān:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + adāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: puruṣāṇām adāna (षष्ठी) = 'seizing men/violence'; used as ablative of cause/source
anuvrataḥdevoted/steadfast (to his vow)
anuvrataḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanuvrata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
Ś
Śukadeva Gosvāmī
P
Parīkṣit Mahārāja
K
Kaṁsa

FAQs

This verse states that Kaṁsa remained cruel and did not desist even after conciliatory counsel and sound reasoning, because he was committed to a harmful course of persecuting others.

Śukadeva addresses Parīkṣit as ‘Kauravya’ to indicate his lineage as a descendant of the Kuru dynasty while narrating how Kaṁsa persisted in adharma.

It teaches discernment: some people will not reform through gentle counsel alone when they are fixed in harmful intent—one should seek protection, set boundaries, and align with dharma rather than enabling cruelty.