Shloka 90

भरतचरितम्—मृगासक्ति-हेतुकः समाधिभङ्गः, जातिस्मरत्वं, रहूगण-जाḍभरत-संवादः

Devanagari script

वृक्षारूढो महाराजो नायं वदति ते जनः न च दारुणि सर्वस् त्वां ब्रवीति शिबिकागतम्

Transliteration

vṛkṣārūḍho mahārājo nāyaṃ vadati te janaḥ na ca dāruṇi sarvas tvāṃ bravīti śibikāgatam

Translation

ఓ మహారాజా, మీరు వృక్షంపై ఎక్కి ఉన్నప్పుడు మీ ప్రజలు మీతో మాట్లాడరు; అలాగే మీరు శిబికలో (పాలకీలో) వచ్చేటప్పుడు కూడా ఎవరూ మిమ్మల్ని సంబోధించరు।

Word by Word

• वृक्षारूढः: (one) mounted on a tree
• वृक्षारूढः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + आरूढ (कृदन्त; √रुह्/रुहँ आरोहणे)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कृदन्तः—भूतकृत् (क्त), ‘आरूढ’ = ‘आरोहितः’; तत्पुरुषः (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः: वृक्षे आरूढः)

• महाराजः: the great king
• महाराजः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् राजा)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha/Negation (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• अयम्: this (man)
• अयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• वदति: speaks/says
• वदति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वद् (धातु; वदँ व्यक्तायां वाचि)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th) एकवचन; सर्वनाम; ‘तव/ते’ = ‘your’

• जनः: person/people (this person)
• जनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha/Negation (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दारुणि: in the wood (timber)
• दारुणि: Adhikarana (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दारु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• सर्वः: everyone
• सर्वः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘everyone/anyone’

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ब्रवीति: says/calls
• ब्रवीति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ब्रू (धातु; ब्रूञ् व्यक्तायां वाचि)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• शिबिकागतम्: (as) ‘one who has gone into/onto the palanquin’
• शिबिकागतम्: Karman (Object-complement/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिबिका (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (कृदन्त; √गम् गतौ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; कृदन्तः—भूतकृत् (क्त) ‘गत’; तत्पुरुषः (शिबिकां गतः = शिबिकागतः)

Speaker

Narrative voice within the dynastic account (framed by Sage Parāśara’s narration to Maitreya)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: External status and posture condition social address, hinting that conventional dealings depend on upādhis (conditions) rather than intrinsic selfhood.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Notice how roles and symbols (rank, costume, platform) shape interaction; cultivate humility and discernment before reacting to social cues.

Vishishtadvaita: Begins the movement from social upādhis to deeper dependence of persons on a sustaining reality beyond mere externalities.

Characters & Entities

• King
• People (subjects)
• Palanquin (śibikā)

FAQs

What is the significance of royal etiquette in the Vishnu Purana’s dynastic sections?

This verse highlights how public speech and access to a king were governed by formal norms, reflecting dharma as social order within the genealogical narratives.

How does Sage Parāśara explain kingship and public conduct through such scenes?

In the vaṃśa (dynasty) books, Parāśara uses brief, concrete details—like when subjects may address a king—to convey the lived structure of authority and propriety.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Even when Vishnu is not named in the verse, the Purana frames kingship as part of a divinely ordered universe where righteous rule and social restraint uphold the cosmic order sustained by Vishnu.