Shloka 46

Rules of Purity (Shauca) — Rules of Purity (Śauca), Permissible Foods, and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

नैकासने तथा स्थेयं सोदर्या परजायया तथैव स्यान्न मातुश्च तथा स्वदुहितुस्त्वपि

Transliteration

naikāsane tathā stheyaṃ sodaryā parajāyayā tathaiva syānna mātuśca tathā svaduhitustvapi

Translation

సహోదరి గానీ పరజాయ గానీ ఒకే ఆసనంపై కూర్చోకూడదు; అలాగే తల్లితోను, స్వకన్యతోను కూడా అలా చేయకూడదు.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation)

• एकासने: on one seat
• एकासने: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक-आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-भाव: 'on the same seat' (eka + āsana)

• तथा: thus/likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति/प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: 'thus/likewise')

• स्थेयम्: should be sat/should remain
• स्थेयम्: विधेय (Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्था (धातु) + यत् → स्थेय (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विधेय; यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive): 'to be stood/sat (should remain)'

• सोदर्या: with (one’s) sister
• सोदर्या: सह (Saha/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; सह/साकं-भाव: 'with one’s sister'

• परजायया: with another’s wife
• परजायया: सह (Saha/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर-जाया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष; 'with another’s wife'

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति-अव्यय (adverb)

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)

• स्यात्: should be
• स्यात्: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; 'should be'

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation)

• मातुः: of (one’s) mother
• मातुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; 'of mother' (genitive relation; understood: with mother too not [sit])

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति-अव्यय (adverb)

• स्वदुहितुः: of one’s own daughter
• स्वदुहितुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व-दुहितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'of one’s own daughter'

• तु: also/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अवधारण-अव्यय (particle: 'but/indeed')

• अपि: also
• अपि: समुच्चय (Additive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-अव्यय (particle: 'also/even')

Speakers

• Not stated in the provided excerpt (often framed as Pulastya → Nārada in the Vāmana Purāṇa
• but unspecified here)

Key Themes

• Dharma/Ācāra
• Social ethics
• Gṛhastha discipline
• Protection of familial boundaries

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse enjoins restraint and clear boundaries in mixed-gender proximity, even with close female relatives, to protect modesty, prevent suspicion, and uphold household harmony (loka-saṅgraha).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa?

This passage is not a pancalakṣaṇa core (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita) item; it belongs to ancillary Purāṇic material—ācāra/dharma-nirdeśa (normative conduct).

What is the symbolic significance?

Symbolically it represents mastery over indriyas (sense-restraint) and preservation of śīla (moral character), treating social space as a field requiring dharmic vigilance.