Shloka 34

Dietary Rules & Purification — Dietary Rules, Purification (Śauca), and the Duties of the Householder and Forest-Dweller

Devanagari script

देवत्यागी पितृत्यागी गुरुभक्त्यरतस्तथा गोब्राह्मणस्त्रीवधकृदपविद्धः स कीर्त्यते

Transliteration

devatyāgī pitṛtyāgī gurubhaktyaratastathā gobrāhmaṇastrīvadhakṛdapaviddhaḥ sa kīrtyate

Translation

దేవులను త్యజించువాడు, పితృులను త్యజించువాడు, అలాగే కుగురు-భక్తిలో ఆసక్తుడైనవాడు; గోవు, బ్రాహ్మణుడు లేదా స్త్రీని హతమార్చువాడు—అటువంటి వాడు ‘అపవిద్ధుడు’ (బహిష్కృతుడు) అని చెప్పబడును।

Word by Word

• देवत्यागी: one who abandons the gods
• देवत्यागी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-त्यागिन् (प्रातिपदिक; देव + त्यागिन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (देवानां त्यागी = one who abandons the gods)

• पितृ-त्यागी: one who abandons the ancestors
• पितृ-त्यागी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ-त्यागिन् (प्रातिपदिक; पितृ + त्यागिन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पितॄणां त्यागी)

• गुरु-भक्ति-रतः: devoted to guru-devotion
• गुरु-भक्ति-रतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरु-भक्ति-रत (प्रातिपदिक; गुरु + भक्ति + रत)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गुरौ भक्तौ रतः = devoted to devotion to the teacher)

• तथा: and likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अन्वयार्थे (also/likewise)

• गो-ब्राह्मण-स्त्री-वध-कृत्: killer of cows, Brahmins, and women
• गो-ब्राह्मण-स्त्री-वध-कृत्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो + ब्राह्मण + स्त्री + वध + कृत् (प्रातिपदिक; कृत् = कृ धातोः कृत्-प्रत्ययान्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (गोब्राह्मणस्त्रीणां वधं करोति इति)

• अपविद्धः: cast out / rejected
• अपविद्धः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपविद्ध (कृदन्त; अप + √व्यध्/√विध् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकाले (cast off/rejected)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• कीर्त्यते: is called / is described
• कीर्त्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)

Speakers

• Unspecified in the provided excerpt (commonly within Pulastya → Nārada narrative frame)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śrāddha/Pitṛ-yajña
• Guru-śiṣya ethics
• Ahimsā / Major sins
• Social-religious exclusion

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse frames dharma as multi-relational: duty to gods (deva), ancestors (pitṛ), and teachers (guru), alongside non-violence toward protected beings (cow, brāhmaṇa, woman). Violations rupture the sacrificial-moral ecosystem and lead to exclusion (apaviddha).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is a dharma-oriented injunction (ācāra/niyama) embedded in purāṇic teaching, not a direct instance of sarga/pratisarga. It functions as normative guidance that commonly accompanies purāṇic narratives and genealogies (supporting the moral order those narratives exemplify).

What is the symbolic significance?

Deva and pitṛ represent vertical continuity (cosmic and ancestral), while guru represents transmitted wisdom/discipline. The protected triad—cow, brāhmaṇa, woman—symbolizes sustenance, sacred knowledge, and generative/social stability; violence against them signifies civilizational collapse in purāṇic ethics.