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Shloka 14

Saṃjñā–Chāyā Upākhyāna: Sūrya-tejas, Substitution, and the Birth of Manu, Yama, and Yamunā

संज्ञाऽनु प्रार्थिता छाया सा स्वपुत्रेऽपि नित्यशः । चकाराभ्यधिकं स्नेहं न तथा पूर्वजे सुते

saṃjñā'nu prārthitā chāyā sā svaputre'pi nityaśaḥ | cakārābhyadhikaṃ snehaṃ na tathā pūrvaje sute

సంజ్ఞా ప్రార్థనచేత ప్రేరితమైన ఛాయా, నిత్యం తన స్వపుత్రునిపై అధిక స్నేహం చూపింది; కానీ పెద్ద కుమారునిపై అంతగా చూపలేదు.

saṃjñāSaṃjñā (name of a woman)
saṃjñā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
anuafter, following
anu:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanu (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (preverb/particle), here: ‘after/according to; following’
prārthitā(having been) requested
prārthitā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√arth (धातु)
Formकृदन्त-क्त (Past Passive Participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having been requested’
chāyāChāyā (shadow; name of a woman)
chāyā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootchāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
sva-putretoward/in her own son
sva-putre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘स्वस्य पुत्रे’
apieven, also
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि=‘even/also’
nityaśaḥalways
nityaśaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnityaśas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
cakāramade, showed
cakāra:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
abhyadhikamexcessive, greater
abhyadhikam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhyadhika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying sneham)
snehamaffection
sneham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsneha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (commonly masc), द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negation particle)
tathāso, in that way
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb): ‘thus/so, in that manner’
pūrvajein/with the elder (son)
pūrvaje:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrvaja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन; ‘in/with the elder-born’
sutein/with (her) son
sute:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsuta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Samjna
C
Chhaya

FAQs

The verse highlights how partiality and attachment (rāga) distort dharma; Shaiva teaching emphasizes inner purity and even-mindedness so the bound soul (paśu) is not tightened by the fetters (pāśa) of favoritism and ego.

Though narrative in tone, it supports Saguna Shiva worship by teaching ethical steadiness: devotion to Shiva is meant to refine conduct—removing bias and cultivating equanimity, which is a prerequisite for mature bhakti and disciplined worship.

A practical takeaway is daily japa of the Panchākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” with a vow of impartial conduct (samatva), optionally supported by Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and rudrākṣa as reminders to restrain attachment.