Rig Veda 10.152.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 152, Mantra 1
Sukta 10.152
Rishi: Traditionally attributed in Anukramaṇī to a late Vedic seer (RV 10.152 is an Indra hymn; exact r̥ṣi attribution varies across recensions and needs external confirmation)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 10.152; common for Indra battle-hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
शास इत्था महाँ अस्यमित्रखादो अद्भुतः । न यस्य हन्यते सखा न जीयते कदा चन ॥
Transliteration
śā́sa itthā́ mahā́m asy amitra-khādó ádbhutaḥ | ná yásya hanyáte sakhā́ ná jī́yate kadā́ caná ||
Translation
హే శాసన-శక్తీ! ఈ విధంగా నీవు మహానవు—అద్భుతుడు, శత్రు-బలాలను భక్షించువాడు. నీవు సఖుడైన వానిని ఎవ్వరూ హతముచేయలేరు; అతడు ఎప్పటికీ జయింపబడడు.
Word by Word
शासःthe ruler / the chastiser (one who commands)
शासः:
कर्तृ (स्तुत्य-विशेषणरूपेण) / विषयः
TypeNoun
Rootशास् (धातु) → शास्- (प्रातिपदिक) / शास् (शासन/शासक-भाव)
इत्थाthus, in this manner
इत्था:
क्रियाविशेषणम् (प्रकार/रीति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
महान्great
महान्:
विशेषणम् (शासः/सः इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
असिyou are
असि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
अमित्रखादःdevourer of foes
अमित्रखादः:
विशेषणम् (सम्बोधितस्य/त्वम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअमित्र-खाद (प्रातिपदिक; खाद् ‘to eat/devour’ से बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास)
अद्भुतःmarvellous, wondrous
अद्भुतः:
विशेषणम् (सम्बोधितस्य/त्वम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
निषेधक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
यस्यof whom, whose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हन्यतेis slain / is killed
हन्यते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
सखाfriend, ally
सखा:
कर्तृ/विषयः (हन्यते इत्यस्य विषयः)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
निषेधक
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
जीयतेis conquered / is overcome
जीयते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु; ‘to conquer/overcome’)
कदाever? when?
कदा:
कालवाचक-अव्ययम्
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदा (प्रश्न-अव्यय)
चनeven, at all (with negation: ever)
चन:
निषेध-प्रबलक (emphatic particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचन (अव्यय; ‘even/at all’, नकारेण सह ‘never’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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