Shloka 32

मैत्रीप्रतिज्ञा-वैरकारणप्रश्नः

Friendship Vow and Inquiry into the Cause of Enmity

Devanagari script

पुराऽहं वालिना राम राज्यात्स्वादवरोपितः।परुषाणि च संश्राव्य निर्धूतोऽस्मि बलीयसा।।

Transliteration

purā ’haṃ vālinā rāma rājyāt svād avaropitaḥ | paruṣāṇi ca saṃśrāvya nirdhūto ’smi balīyasā ||

Translation

హే రామా, పూర్వం బలవంతుడైన వాలి నన్ను నా రాజ్యమునుండి తొలగించాడు; కఠిన వచనాలు వినిపించి ఆ శక్తిమంతుడు నన్ను వెళ్లగొట్టాడు।

Word by Word

• पुरा: formerly
• पुरा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative Singular)

• वालिना: by Vali
• वालिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental Singular)

• राम: O Rama
• राम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सम्बोधन (Vocative Singular)

• राज्यात्: from the kingdom
• राज्यात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, पञ्चमी (Ablative Singular)

• स्वात्: from my own
• स्वात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, पञ्चमी (Ablative Singular)

• अवरोपितः: was uprooted/removed
• अवरोपितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-रुह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative Singular)

• परुषाणि: harsh words
• परुषाणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, द्वितीया (Accusative Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• संश्राव्य: having made (me) listen
• संश्राव्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-श्रु (धातु) + णिच् + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-समकक्षः ल्यपन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having made (me) hear’

• निर्धूतः: was driven out
• निर्धूतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्-धू (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative Singular)

• अस्मि: am
• अस्मि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन (1st person singular)

• बलीयसा: by the stronger (one)
• बलीयसा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + ईयसुन् (तद्धित, comparative)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental Singular), तुलनात्मक (comparative)

Context

'O Rama! I was subjected to the harsh words of powerful Vali in the past when he uprooted me from the kingdom and threw me out.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Rāma
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames adharma as wrongful seizure of rule and humiliating speech; dharma requires just governance and restraint in power, especially toward one’s own kin.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva explains to Rāma how Vāli removed him from kingship and expelled him after insulting him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s commitment to satya—he presents his grievance plainly to seek righteous redress.