Shloka 35

पञ्चषष्टितमः सर्गः — वानराणां प्लवन-पराक्रम-निरूपणम्

Assessment of the Vanaras’ Leaping Capacity; Jambavan Motivates Hanuman

Devanagari script

ततःप्रतीतं प्लवतांवरिष्ठम्एकान्तमाश्रित्य सुसुखेपविष्ठम्सञ्चोदयामास हरिप्रवीरोहरिप्रवीरं हनुमन्तमेव।।।।

Transliteration

tataḥ pratītaṃ plavatāṃ variṣṭham

ekāntam āśritya su-sukhe ’paviṣṭam |

sañcodayāmāsa hari-pravīro

hari-pravīraṃ hanumantam eva ||

Translation

అనంతరం దూకువారిలో శ్రేష్ఠుడైన, ప్రసిద్ధుడైన హనుమంతుడు ఏకాంతంలో సుఖంగా కూర్చున్నాడు. ఆ హరి-వీరుడు అతని వద్దకు వెళ్లి హనుమంతునినే కార్యానికి ప్రేరేపించాడు॥

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kāla (काल/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/क्रम-अव्यय (adverb of sequence: 'then/thereafter')

• प्रतीतम्: renowned/known
• प्रतीतम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pratīta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √i + prati, क्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle, क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying)

• प्लवताम्: of the leapers (monkeys)
• प्लवताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavat (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √plu, शतृ)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle, शतृ) used as noun 'those who leap' (monkeys); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• वरिष्ठम्: the best
• वरिष्ठम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: variṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अतिशय-विशेषण (superlative)

• एकान्तम्: solitude; a secluded place
• एकान्तम्: Karma (कर्म/Object with āśritya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ekānta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; गत्यर्थक-क्रियायाः कर्म (object of motion/approach)

• आश्रित्य: having approached/resorted to
• आश्रित्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया/Gerund)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ā-śri (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund): 'having resorted to/approached'

• सुखोपविष्टम्: comfortably seated
• सुखोपविष्टम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sukha + upaviṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; उप-√viś, क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (instrumental/qualifying sense: 'comfortably seated'); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सञ्चोदयामास: urged/motivated
• सञ्चोदयामास: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-cud (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच् (causative): 'he urged/motivated'

• हरिप्रवीरः: the foremost monkey-hero
• हरिप्रवीरः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari + pravīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ('hero among monkeys'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हरिप्रवीरम्: the foremost monkey-hero
• हरिप्रवीरम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hari + pravīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of Hanumān)

• हनुमन्तम्: Hanumān
• हनुमन्तम्: Karma (कर्म/Direct object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• एव: indeed; alone
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

Context

Then Gavaya said to the monkeys 'I can leap thirty yojanas; Sarabha said 'I can leap forty yojanas'; bright Ghandhamadana said 'I can leap as far as fifty yojanas withoutany doubt'; Mainda said 'I can leap more than sixty yojanas'; highly brilliant Dvivida said in turn, 'I can no doubt leap seventy yojanas '; brilliant and best of the monkeys Sushena declared 'I can leap across eighty yojanas'.

Characters & Entities

• Jāmbavān
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is fulfilled when true capability is awakened for righteous service; the community succeeds by empowering the most able for the common good.

What is the narrative situation?

Jāmbavān goes to the quietly seated Hanumān and motivates him—setting up Hanumān’s decisive leap and the continuation of the search for Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Inspirational mentorship: Jāmbavān recognizes Hanumān’s potential and prompts courageous action aligned with truth and duty.