Shloka 11

सम्पातिवाक्यम्

Sampati’s Intelligence Report on Sita’s Abduction

Devanagari script

स मामाहारसंरोधात्पीडितं प्रीतिवर्धनः।अनुमान्य यथातत्त्वमिदं वचनमब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

sa mām āhārasaṃrodhāt pīḍitaṃ prītivardhanaḥ | anumānya yathātattvam idaṃ vacanam abravīt || 4.59.11 ||

Translation

ఆహారం ఆగిపోవడంతో నేను బాధపడుతున్నాను అని చూసి, నా ఆనందాన్ని పెంచే నా కుమారుడు యథార్థాన్ని గ్రహించి నిజముగా ఈ మాటలు పలికాడు।

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Accusative (2), Singular

• āhāra-saṃrodhāt: from lack of food
• āhāra-saṃrodhāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान: cause/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃrodha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘restriction/cessation of food’; Masculine, Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular

• pīḍitam: tormented
• pīḍitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pīḍita (कृदन्त; √pīḍ पीड्)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/PPP) of √pīḍ ‘to torment’; Masculine, Accusative (2), Singular; agrees with mām

• prīti-vardhanaḥ: joy-increasing (dear one)
• prīti-vardhanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prīti (प्रातिपदिक) + vardhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘increasing joy’; Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular; epithet of saḥ

• anumānya: having inferred
• anumānya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Gerund)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√mā (मा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्/त्वा-प्रत्यय) of anu-√mā ‘to infer’; ‘having inferred’

• yathā-tattvam: as it truly was
• yathā-tattvam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + tattva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyayībhāva (अव्ययीभाव) adverb ‘according to the truth/as it really is’

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Neuter, Accusative (2), Singular

• vacanam: speech; words
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2), Singular

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (ब्रू)
• Form: Luṅ-lakāra (Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

Context

'I was thinking, tormented with hunger, my son who always keeps me happy told me exactly what had happened:

Characters & Entities

• Sampāti
• Sampāti’s son

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya in reporting: the son speaks ‘yathātattvam’—as things truly are—showing that honest communication is dharmic care, especially in crisis.

What is the narrative situation?

Sampāti explains that his son, noticing his hunger, inferred the cause and began to narrate the incident accurately.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and truthfulness: he reads his father’s distress and responds with clear, factual speech rather than excuses.