Shloka 1

वानरसेनामिलनम् / The Mustering of the Vanara Hosts

Devanagari script

इति ब्रुवाणं सुग्रीवं रामो धर्मभृतां वरः।बाहुभ्यां सम्परिष्वज्य प्रत्युवाच कृताञ्जलिम्।।4.39.1।।

Transliteration

śrutvā tu vacanaṃ tasya harayaḥ śīghra-vikramāḥ ||4.38.9|| samupasthāpayāmāsuḥ śibikāṃ priya-darśanām |

Translation

అతని మాట విని వేగవంతులైన వానరులు చూడముచ్చటైన శిబికను వెంటనే ముందుకు తెచ్చి సమర్పించారు।

Word by Word

• yat: when/if
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (relative particle), here introducing condition: "when/if"

• indraḥ: Indra
• indraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• varṣate: rains
• varṣate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• varṣam: rain
• varṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (negation particle)

• tat: that
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun used with citram

• citram: strange
• citram: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: citra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective

• bhavet: would be
• bhavet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• kvacit: ever/anywhere
• kvacit: Desha-kala (देश-काल/adv)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kvacit (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• ādityaḥ: the Sun
• ādityaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• sahasrāṃśuḥ: thousand-rayed
• sahasrāṃśuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahasra (प्रातिपदिक) + aṃśu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि: "सहस्रम् अंशवो यस्य" (= having a thousand rays), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; apposition to ādityaḥ

• kuryāt: would make
• kuryāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• vitimiram: free of darkness/bright
• vitimiram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-timira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; qualifying nabhaḥ

• nabhaḥ: sky
• nabhaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nabhas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• candramāḥ: the Moon
• candramāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candramas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• raśmibhiḥ: with rays
• raśmibhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raśmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन

• kuryāt: would make
• kuryāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• pṛthivīm: the earth
• pṛthivīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛthivī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• saumya: O gentle one
• saumya: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saumya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन

• nirmalām: clear/pure
• nirmalām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nirmala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying pṛthivīm

• tvadvidhaḥ: one like you
• tvadvidhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी: "त्वद्विधः" = like you), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle: even/also)

• mitrāṇām: of/for friends
• mitrāṇām: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/beneficiary; genitive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• pratikuryāt: would repay/return help
• pratikuryāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-kṛ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• parantapa: O scorcher of enemies
• parantapa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parantapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि: "परान् तपति" (= scorcher of foes), पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

On hearing Sugriva who stood with folded hands, Rama, the foremost among the upholders of righteousness, hugged him and said:

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• harayaḥ (monkeys)
• śibikā (palanquin)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is faithful service: prompt, competent action in support of a righteous leader and mission is portrayed as a virtue.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva’s attendants immediately comply and present the palanquin.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The Vānara troops’ obedience and readiness—disciplined execution without delay.