Shloka 41

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः सुग्रीवप्रबोधनं च

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Summoning of Sugriva

Devanagari script

तेन शब्देन महता प्रत्यबुध्यत वानरः।मदविह्वलताम्राक्षो व्याकुलस्रग्विभूषणः।।

Transliteration

tēna śabdēna mahatā pratyabudhyata vānaraḥ | madavihvalatāmrākṣo vyākulasragvibhūṣaṇaḥ ||

Translation

ఆ మహాశబ్దంతో ఆ వానరుడు మేల్కొన్నాడు. మదంతో విహ్వలమై అతని కళ్ళు ఎర్రబడినవి; అతని పుష్పమాలలు, ఆభరణాలు అస్తవ్యస్తమయ్యాయి।

Word by Word

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Sequence particle (अनन्तरार्थक)

• aṅgada-vacaḥ: Angada's words
• aṅgada-vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म; of śrutvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṅgada (प्रातिपदिक) + vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी: aṅgadasya vacaḥ), Neuter, Accusative (2), Singular

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)

• tena: with him
• tena: Saha (सह/Accompaniment; with implied saha)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3), Singular

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• samāgatau: came together/arrived
• samāgatau: Kriyā-sāmānādhikaraṇa (क्रिया-सामानाधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√gam (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: PPP (क्त) used adjectivally, Masculine, Nominative (1), Dual; predicate of mantriṇau

• mantriṇau: two ministers
• mantriṇau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantrin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1), Dual

• vānarendrasya: of the monkey-king
• vānarendrasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (कर्मधारय/षष्ठी: vānara-indra = 'king of monkeys'); Genitive (6), Singular

• sammatau: approved/esteemed
• sammatau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sammata (प्रातिपदिक; PPP of sam-√man)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1), Dual; qualifies mantriṇau

• dāradarśinau: admitted to see the womenfolk
• dāradarśinau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dāra (प्रातिपदिक) + darśin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (दाराṇām darśinau), Masculine, Nominative (1), Dual; qualifies mantriṇau

• plakṣaḥ: Plaksha
• plakṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; in apposition to mantriṇau)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• eva: also/indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण)

• prabhāvaḥ: Prabhava
• prabhāvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; in apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prabhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• mantriṇau: the two ministers
• mantriṇau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantrin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1), Dual; restatement/apposition

• artha-dharmayoḥ: of wealth and righteousness
• artha-dharmayoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; domain 'in matters of')
• Type: Noun
• Root: artha (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvandva (अर्थश्च धर्मश्च), Genitive (6) Dual (द्विवचन)

• vaktum: to speak/tell
• vaktum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• uccāvacam: variously/many things
• uccāvacam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uccāvacá (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2), Singular; used adverbially 'variously'

• prāptam: arrived
• prāptam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√āp (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: PPP (क्त), Masculine, Accusative (2), Singular; qualifies lakṣmaṇam

• lakṣmaṇam: Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇam: Karma (कर्म; of śaśaṃsatuḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2), Singular

• tau: those two
• tau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative (1), Dual

• śaśaṃsatuḥ: told/announced
• śaśaṃsatuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śaṃs (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Dual

Context

By the great sound (of the monkeys) the drunken red-eyed vanara king awakened, his garlands and ornaments in disarray.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva (implied as the monkey-king)
• monkeys (vānarāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A ruler’s lapse into intoxication and negligence is shown as adharma in practice: it disrupts order and delays righteous obligations, harming allies who depend on timely action.

What is the narrative situation?

The commotion near the palace awakens Sugrīva, who has been indulging and is unprepared for Lakṣmaṇa’s arrival.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrastive portrayal, the verse emphasizes the need for self-control and vigilance in leadership (indriya-nigraha and rājadharma).