Shloka 2

द्वितीयः सर्गः (Sarga 2): Sugriva’s Alarm and Hanuman’s Commission

Devanagari script

उद्विग्नहृदयस्सर्वा दिशस्समवलोकयन्।न व्यतिष्ठत कस्मिंश्चिद्देशे वानरपुङ्गवः। ।।

Transliteration

udvignahṛdayaḥ sarvā diśaḥ samavalokayan | na vyatiṣṭhata kasmiṃścid deśe vānarapuṅgavaḥ ||

Translation

ఆందోళనతో కంపించే హృదయంతో ఆ వానరశ్రేష్ఠుడు అన్ని దిశలను పరిశీలిస్తూ, ఏ ఒక్క చోటా నిలకడగా నిలువలేకపోయాడు॥

Word by Word

• udvigna-hṛdayaḥ: agitated at heart
• udvigna-hṛdayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: udvigna (कृदन्त, क्त from ud+√vij (विज्)) + hṛdaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि: 'udvignaṃ hṛdayaṃ yasya' qualifying vānarapuṅgavaḥ

• sarvāḥ: all
• sarvāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying diśaḥ

• diśaḥ: directions
• diśaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• samavalokayan: looking around
• samavalokayan: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ava + √lok (लोक्) (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying vānarapuṅgavaḥ

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; negation particle (निषेध)

• vyatiṣṭhata: stayed, stood still
• vyatiṣṭhata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi + √sthā (स्था) (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); ātmanepada

• kasmiṃścit: in any (one)
• kasmiṃścit: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kasmin + cit (सर्वनाम + अव्यय)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); indefinite 'in any' qualifying deśe

• deśe: place
• deśe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• vānarapuṅgavaḥ: the best of monkeys
• vānarapuṅgavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक) + puṅgava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'vānareṣu puṅgavaḥ'

Context

'O good-natured Sugriva! you are afraid of your elder brother Vali as he is evil-minded and sinful. (But) I do not see any reason for you to be frightened as he is not found anywhere here.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights how fear and insecurity disturb steadiness of mind; dharma requires composure and clear perception before action.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva, living in fear of Vālī, is restless and repeatedly watches the surroundings, unable to settle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The need for steadiness (dhairya) and alertness (apramāda) in adverse circumstances.