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Shloka 40

Narrative of the Śūdra’s Renunciation of Greed

with the Tulādhāra Greatness Prelude

तस्य योषा तदागत्य पप्रच्छ दैवकारणम् । ततोहमवदं तस्य यद्वा चेतोगतं द्रुतम्

tasya yoṣā tadāgatya papraccha daivakāraṇam | tatohamavadaṃ tasya yadvā cetogataṃ drutam

అప్పుడు అతని భార్య వచ్చి ఆ దైవకారణం ఏమిటని అడిగింది. వెంటనే నా మనసులో వచ్చిన మాటను నేను త్వరగా ఆమెకు చెప్పాను.

तस्यof him
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter) — 'of him/of that'
योषाwife, woman
योषा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयोषा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
तदाthen
तदा:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/locative sense: time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
आगत्यhaving come
आगत्य:
पूर्वकाल (prior action to main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम् (धातु) + ल्यप् (Kṛdanta/absolutive)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (absolutive/gerund), 'having come'
पप्रच्छasked
पप्रच्छ:
क्रिया (main action)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-छ्/पृच्छ् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
दैवकारणम्the divine cause/reason
दैवकारणम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदैव + कारण (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): 'दैवस्य कारणम्'
ततःthereupon
ततः:
अपादान (Apādāna/source) / क्रम (sequence marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (indeclinable), अपादान/क्रमसूचक (from there/thereupon)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
अवदम्said, spoke
अवदम्:
क्रिया (main action)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
तस्यto him / of him
तस्य:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (recipient relation; 'to him' via genitive usage)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)
यद्वाor else; whatever
यद्वा:
सम्बन्ध (discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् + वा (अव्यय) (sandhi)
Formसमुच्चय/विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (alternative particle): 'or rather/whatever'
चेतोगतम्what had come to mind
चेतोगतम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object) (elliptically: 'that which had come to mind')
TypeAdjective
Rootचेतस् + गत (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); सप्तमी/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषभावः: 'चेतसि/चेतसः गतम्' = 'gone into the mind'
द्रुतम्quickly
द्रुतम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्रुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverbial accusative/indeclinable usage): 'quickly'

Narrator (first-person speaker in the ongoing dialogue; exact named speaker not specified in this single verse)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तदागत्य = तदा + आगत्य; ततोहमवदं = ततः + अहम् + अवदम्; यद्वा = यद् + वा.

FAQs

It points to a cause attributed to daiva—divine ordinance, fate, or karmic destiny—suggesting the event being discussed is not merely accidental but understood within a providential or karmic framework.

It uses a direct first-person narrative within a dialogue setting: a question is asked, and the speaker responds immediately with what comes to mind, emphasizing oral-storytelling flow.

It models transparent inquiry and prompt explanation: when confronted with uncertainty, one should ask directly, and the respondent should answer sincerely and without delay, to reduce confusion and restore understanding.