Shloka 17

Adhyaya 75 — The Fall and Restoration of Revatī Nakṣatra and the Birth of Raivata Manu

Sanskrit

सोऽयं किमात्मदोषेण मम दोषेण वा मुने ।

अस्मद्दुःखवहो जातो दौःशील्याद् बन्धुशोकदः ॥

Transliteration

so 'yaṃ kim ātmadoṣeṇa mama doṣeṇa vā mune /

asmad-duḥkhavaho jāto dauḥśīlyād bandhu-śokadaḥ

Translation

హే మునీ, ఈ కుమారుడు తన దోషం వల్ల పుట్టాడా, లేక నా దోషం వల్లనా—మాకు శోకభారమై, తన దుష్ప్రవర్తనతో మా బంధువులకు దుఃఖం కలిగించేవాడయ్యాడు?

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ayam: this (one)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता/subject, apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• kim: why?/whether?
• kim: Praśna (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle)

• ātma-doṣeṇa: by (my) own fault
• ātma-doṣeṇa: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक) + doṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ātmanaḥ doṣaḥ)

• mama: of me
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• doṣeṇa: by fault
• doṣeṇa: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: doṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• mune: O sage
• mune: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• asmat-duḥkha-vahaḥ: bringing sorrow to us
• asmat-duḥkha-vahaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: asmat (प्रातिपदिक) + duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + vaha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (asmākam duḥkham vahati iti)

• jātaḥ: has become
• jātaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘born/has become’

• dauḥśīlyāt: from wickedness
• dauḥśīlyāt: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dauḥśīlya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; ‘from bad conduct’

• bandhu-śoka-daḥ: giving grief to relatives
• bandhu-śoka-daḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bandhu (प्रातिपदिक) + śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + da (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (bandhūnām śokam dadāti iti)

Speakers

• Ṛtavāk (continuing
• questioning a sage)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Karma
• Suffering and causality
• Family ethics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse articulates a classic dharma-question: moral responsibility vs. inherited/parental causality. It pushes the inquiry beyond ritual correctness into character formation and karmic entanglement.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ethical-philosophical dialogue (dharma-vicāra), outside pancalakṣaṇa categories.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘fault’ dilemma mirrors the guṇa theory: tamasic tendencies may arise from prior saṃskāras (past impressions), challenging simplistic blame and urging compassionate discernment.