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Shloka 61

Adhyaya 74King Svarashtra, the Deer-Queen’s Curse, and the Rise of Tamasa Manu

इत्येतत्तामसं विप्र मन्वन्तरमुदाहृतम् ।

यः पठेत् शृणुयाद्वापि तमसा स न बाध्यते ॥

ity etat tāmasaṃ vipra manvantaram udāhṛtam | yaḥ paṭhet śṛṇuyād vāpi tamasā sa na bādhyate ||

ఓ బ్రాహ్మణా, ఈ విధంగా తామస మన్వంతరం ప్రకటించబడింది. దీన్ని పఠించినవాడు గానీ, వినినవాడు గానీ తమస్‌ (అంధకారం) చేత బాధింపబడడు.

इतिthus
इति:
Avyaya (अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उद्धरण/समाप्तिसूचक (quotative/closure particle)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object; with ‘उदाहृतम्’)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
तामसम्Tāmasa (pertaining to Tāmasa)
तामसम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; ‘एतत्’/‘मन्वन्तरम्’ विशेषण
विप्रO Brahmin
विप्र:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
मन्वन्तरम्Manvantara (a cosmic period)
मन्वन्तरम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object; apposition to ‘एतत्’)
TypeNoun
Rootमन्वन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
उदाहृतम्has been declared/said
उदाहृतम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate: ‘has been declared’)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-√हृ (धातु) (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive sense)
यःwho (whoever)
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
पठेत्should recite/read
पठेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पठ् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
शृणुयात्should hear/listen
शृणुयात्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
वाor
वा:
Avyaya (अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (disjunctive ‘or’)
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Avyaya (अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ (particle ‘also/even’)
तमसाby darkness; by Tamas
तमसा:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
not
:
Avyaya (अव्यय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
बाध्यतेis afflicted/overpowered
बाध्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√बाध् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोगः (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
Purāṇic narrator addressing a brāhmaṇa interlocutor (vipra)
ManvantaraPhalaśrutiDharma (hearing/recitation merit)Cosmology

FAQs

Śravaṇa (hearing) and pāṭha (recitation) are presented as transformative disciplines: engaging with dharmic-cosmic narratives dispels ‘tamas’ understood as ignorance, lethargy, and moral confusion.

Manvantara, with an added Purāṇic phalaśruti that encourages preservation and transmission of the manvantara tradition.

The wordplay between ‘Tāmasa’ (a proper-noun Manu) and ‘tamas’ (darkness) implies that correct knowledge of cosmic order converts the very principle of darkness into a vehicle for insight—darkness is not ‘abolished’ but rendered non-binding.