Shloka 20

Adhyaya 74 — King Svarashtra, the Deer-Queen’s Curse, and the Rise of Tamasa Manu

Sanskrit

का त्वं ब्रूहि मृगी वाक्यं कथं मानुषवद्वदेत् । कश्चैव लोलो यो विघ्नं त्वत्सङ्गे कुरुते मम ॥

Transliteration

kā tvaṃ brūhi mṛgī vākyaṃ kathaṃ mānuṣavad vadet / kaś caiva lolo yo vighnaṃ tvatsaṅge kurute mama

Translation

నీవెవరు, ఓ మృగీ? చెప్పుము—మనుష్యులవలె నీవు ఎలా మాట్లాడుతున్నావు? మరియు ఆ చంచలుడు ఎవడు, నాతో నీతో కలయికకు అడ్డంకి కలిగిస్తున్నాడు?

Word by Word

• kā: who (fem.)
• kā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun used as predicate

• tvam: you
• tvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuzmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• brūhi: tell (me)
• brūhi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्/imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (मध्यम/2nd), Ekavacana (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• mṛgī: O doe
• mṛgī: Sambodhyā (सम्बोध्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mṛgī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/vocative), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• vākyam: speech/words
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (नपुंसक), Dvitīyā (द्वितीया/2nd), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• katham: how
• katham: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: katham (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; interrogative adverb (प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

• mānuṣavat: like a human
• mānuṣavat: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mānuṣa + vat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya; tulyārtha-avyaya (तुल्यार्थ/‘like’), adverbial usage

• vadet: would speak
• vadet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vad (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ-lakāra (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथम/3rd), Ekavacana (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• kaḥ: who
• kaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; emphatic particle (निश्चय/अवधारण)

• lolaḥ: restless/impetuous
• lolaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: lola (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• yaḥ: who (that)
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (प्रथमा/1st), Ekavacana (एकवचन); relative pronoun

• vighnam: obstacle/hindrance
• vighnam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vighna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (द्वितीया/2nd), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• tvat-saṅge: in your company/association
• tvat-saṅge: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvat (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘your’ + ‘association’); Puṃliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Saptamī (सप्तमी/7th), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

• kurute: does/makes
• kurute: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्/present), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथम/3rd), Ekavacana (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• mama: of me/my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Ṣaṣṭhī (षष्ठी/6th), Ekavacana (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Rājā (king) speaking to the doe (mṛgī)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Karma
• Rebirth (yoni)
• Speech as a mark of prior human status
• Desire and obstruction

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse sets up an inquiry into anomalous experience (an animal speaking) as a doorway to moral causality—suggesting that present conditions and impediments are rooted in prior actions and relationships.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily within Vaṃśānucarita/Upākhyāna-style narrative used for dharma-teaching; it is not a direct Sarga/Pratisarga cosmology passage but a moral episode embedded in the Purāṇic discourse.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Human speech in an animal body’ symbolizes residual saṃskāras (impressions) surviving embodiment-changes; ‘vighna’ points to unseen karmic knots that obstruct desire-driven pursuit.