Shloka 10

Adhyaya 62 — The Fire-God Enters the Brahmin Youth; Varuthini’s Love-Sickness and Kali’s Disguise

Sanskrit

चकार रममाणे च चक्रवाकयुगे स्पृहाम् ।

मुक्ता तेन वरारोहा निनिन्द निजयौवनम् ॥

Transliteration

cakāra ramamāṇe ca cakravākayuge spṛhām |

muktā tena varārohā nininda nijayauvanam ||

Translation

చక్రవాక పక్షుల జంట కలిసి క్రీడించుట చూచి ఆ సుందర నితంబినీ స్త్రీ కోరికతో వ్యాకులమైంది; ఆ భావం వల్ల నియమం సడలగా తన యౌవనాన్నే ఆమె నిందించింది।

Word by Word

• चकार: did/made
• चकार: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्शभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• रममाणे: while (the pair) were sporting
• रममाणे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रम् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle), सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), द्विवचन (dual), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter) — ‘in/when (two) were sporting’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• चक्रवाकयुगे: in the pair of cakravāka birds
• चक्रवाकयुगे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्रवाक (प्रातिपदिक) + युग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): चक्रवाकानां युगम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन

• स्पृहाम्: longing/desire
• स्पृहाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्पृहा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• मुक्ता: released/freed
• मुक्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• तेन: by him/thereby
• तेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन — instrumental ‘by him/thereby’

• वरारोहा: the fair-thighed/beautiful woman
• वरारोहा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक) + आरोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: वरः आरोहः यस्याः/या; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• निनिन्द: censured/blamed
• निनिन्द: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्शभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• निजयौवनम्: her own youth
• निजयौवनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निज (प्रातिपदिक) + यौवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: निजं यौवनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrator voice within Markandeya’s telling (frame not explicit in this verse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shringara", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Kāma (desire)
• Viraha
• Poetic imagery (cakravāka motif)
• Self-reproach

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Unchecked longing (kāma) destabilizes inner composure: even auspicious signs of paired harmony (the cakravāka couple) can intensify personal lack, leading to self-blame rather than clarity.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

This passage is not sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita in itself; it belongs to vaṃśānucarita-style narrative material (illustrative story) used by Purāṇas to convey human psychology and moral texture.

What is the esoteric significance?

The paired birds symbolize the ‘dvandva’ (pairing) principle; when the inner self feels divided from its sought object, external ‘union’ imagery becomes a catalyst for inner burning (kāma-agni).