Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 9

Adhyaya 28Alarka Inquires into Varna and Ashrama Dharma; Madalasa Defines the Fourfold Duties

स्ववर्णधर्मात् संसिद्धिं नरः प्राप्नोति न च्युतः ।

प्रयाति नरकं प्रेत्य प्रतिषिद्धनिषेवणात् ॥

svavarṇadharmāt saṃsiddhiṃ naraḥ prāpnoti na cyutaḥ | prayāti narakaṃ pretya pratiṣiddhaniṣevaṇāt ||

తన స్వవర్ణధర్మాన్ని అనుసరించే వ్యక్తి సిద్ధిని పొందుతాడు, పతనమవడు. కానీ నిషిద్ధాచారంలో లీనుడైనవాడు మరణానంతరం నరకానికి వెళ్తాడు.

sva-varṇa-dharmātfrom one’s own varna-duty
sva-varṇa-dharmāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + varṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष-समास (बहुपद): ‘from one’s own class-duty’
saṃsiddhimsuccess; perfection
saṃsiddhim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃsiddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
naraḥa man
naraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
prāpnotiattains
prāpnoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+āp (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-निपात)
cyutaḥfallen; deviated
cyutaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcyu (धातु) → cyuta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP) used adjectivally; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
prayātigoes; proceeds
prayāti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+yā (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
narakamto hell
narakam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
pretyaafter death; having died
pretya:
Kāla (काल/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpra+i (धातु) → pretya (कृदन्त)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
pratiṣiddha-niṣevaṇātfrom indulging in forbidden acts
pratiṣiddha-niṣevaṇāt:
Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
TypeNoun
Rootpratiṣiddha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + niṣevaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘from the practice of what is forbidden’
Not specified in the provided excerpt (Ācāra instruction within Markandeya Purāṇa’s discourse context)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhaya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaKarmic consequenceEthical prohibitionAfterlife (naraka)

FAQs

Ethics are tied to accountability: stability and success arise from disciplined adherence to rightful duty, while knowingly crossing prohibitions is framed as spiritually destructive, carrying post-mortem consequences.

Ācāra/Dharma instruction. References to naraka touch Purāṇic moral cosmology but not as a full-scale pralaya/manvantara account.

‘Naraka’ can be read inwardly as the hell of mental suffering produced by transgression—agitation, fear, and loss of inner steadiness—alongside the traditional afterlife reading.