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Shloka 35

Adhyaya 12The Son Describes the Narakas: Mahāraurava, Tamas, Nikṛntana, Apratiṣṭha, Asipatravana, and Taptakumbha

ज्वलदग्निचयोद्वृत्ततैलायश्चूर्णपूरिताः ।

तेषु दुष्कृतकर्माणो याम्यैः क्षिप्ता ह्यधोमुखाः ॥

jvaladagnicayodvṛttatailāyaścūrṇapūritāḥ / teṣu duṣkṛtakarmāṇo yāmyaiḥ kṣiptā hy adhomukhāḥ

ఆ పాత్రలు మండుతున్న నిప్పులు, పొంగుతున్న నూనె మరియు ఇనుప పొడితో నిండి ఉన్నాయి. పాపాత్ములను యమదూతలు తలక్రిందులుగా వాటిలో పడవేస్తారు.

jvalat-agni-caya-udvṛtta-taila-ayaḥ-cūrṇa-pūritāḥfilled with iron-powder and oil churned by a mass of blazing fire
jvalat-agni-caya-udvṛtta-taila-ayaḥ-cūrṇa-pūritāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjvalat+agni+caya+udvṛtta+taila+ayas+cūrṇa+√pṝ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPPP (क्त) ‘pūrita’; Masculine, Nominative, Plural; long तत्पुरुष compound: ‘filled with iron-powder (ayaḥ-cūrṇa) and oil (taila) stirred up by a mass of blazing fire (jvalad-agni-caya-udvṛtta)’
teṣuin those
teṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun; Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural; ‘in those (cauldrons)’
duṣkṛta-karmāṇaḥevil-doers/sinners
duṣkṛta-karmāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootduṣkṛta+karman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुष: duṣkṛtaṃ karma yeṣām (sense close to bahuvrīhi, but form as tatpuruṣa ‘evil-deed-doers’)
yāmyaiḥby Yama’s attendants
yāmyaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument/agentive)
TypeNoun
Rootyāmya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; ‘by Yama’s servants’
kṣiptāḥthrown
kṣiptāḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/predicative)
TypeAdjective
Root√kṣip (धातु)
FormPPP (क्त) ‘kṣipta’; Masculine, Nominative, Plural; ‘thrown’
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle/emphasis
adho-mukhāḥface-down
adho-mukhāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhas+mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; अव्ययीभाव: adhaḥ-mukha = ‘face downward’
Pitā instructing Putra

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Yama
Karma-phalaNaraka punishmentsYama’s administrationMoral deterrence

FAQs

The text frames moral law as administered and impersonal: wrongdoing naturally leads to suffering, depicted through Yama’s agents as executors of cosmic order.

It functions as dharma-upadeśa (ethical instruction) via vivid naraka narration; not a lakṣaṇa category, but a didactic supplement common in Purāṇas.

Oil and iron powder signify sticky, hard-to-escape impressions (saṃskāras) produced by pāpa; the ‘headlong’ fall symbolizes loss of discernment and inversion of values.