Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 31

न देवितव्यं हृष्टेन कितवेनेति न: श्रुतम्‌ त॑ त्वामद्य मुदा युक्त नाहं देवितुमुत्सहे । प्रियं तु ते चिकीर्षामि वर्ततां यदि मन्यसे,“राजन! मैंने सुना है, जब चालाक जुआरी अत्यन्त हर्षमें भरा हो, तो उसके साथ जूआ नहीं खेलना चाहिये। आज आप भी बड़े आनन्दमें मग्न हैं; अतः आपके साथ जूआ खेलनेका साहस नहीं होता, तथापि आपका प्रिय कार्य तो करना ही चाहता हूँ, अतः यदि आपकी इच्छा हो, तो खेल शुरू हो सकता है”

na devitavyaṃ hṛṣṭena kitaveneti naḥ śrutam | taṃ tvām adya mudā yukta nāhaṃ devitum utsahe | priyaṃ tu te cikīrṣāmi vartatāṃ yadi manyase |

వైశంపాయనుడు అన్నాడు—కపట జూదగాడు ఆనందోత్సాహంతో మత్తుగా ఉన్నప్పుడు అతనితో జూదం ఆడకూడదని మేము విన్నాము. ఈ రోజు మీరు కూడా హర్షంతో ఉల్లాసంగా ఉన్నారు; అందువల్ల మీతో పాశాలు ఆడటానికి నాకు ధైర్యం లేదు. అయినా మీకు ప్రియమైనది చేయాలని కోరుతున్నాను—మీకు సముచితంగా అనిపిస్తే ఆట ప్రారంభమగుగాక.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देवितव्यम्should be played (gambling); ought to gamble
देवितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदिव् (द्युत-क्रीडायाम्)
Formतव्यत्, Neuter, Nominative, Singular, obligation/necessity (gerundive)
हृष्टेनwith/when (one) is delighted, exultant
हृष्टेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootहृष्ट
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कितवेनwith a gambler/cheater
कितवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकितव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नःof us; our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form1st, Genitive, Plural
श्रुतम्heard; it is heard/known
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रुत
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (statement/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2nd, Accusative, Singular
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
मुदाwith joy; by delight
मुदा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमुद्/मुदा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
युक्तःjoined/possessed (with); engaged
युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form1st, Nominative, Singular
देवितुम्to gamble; to play (dice)
देवितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदिव् (द्युत-क्रीडायाम्)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
उत्सहेI am able/dare; I venture
उत्सहे:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 1st, Singular, present
प्रियम्a pleasing thing; what is dear
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut; however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तेfor you / of you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2nd, Genitive/Dative, Singular
चिकीर्षामिI wish/desire to do
चिकीर्षामि:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormLat, Parasmaipada, 1st, Singular, present, desiderative (san): चिकीर्ष-
वर्तताम्let it proceed; let it take place
वर्तताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तने)
FormLot, Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular, imperative/benedictive sense
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
मन्यसेyou think; you consider
मन्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormLat, Atmanepada, 2nd, Singular, present

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
king (rājan)
G
gambler (kitava)

Educational Q&A

Avoid entering contests—especially gambling—against a skilled or deceitful opponent when circumstances favor him (here, when he is elated and confident). Ethical prudence and self-restraint are presented as wiser than reckless compliance.

The speaker reports a response to a king’s wish to gamble: the respondent hesitates, citing a heard rule against playing dice with an overconfident crafty gambler, yet still offers to comply if the king insists.