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Shloka 35

त्रिगर्त-मात्स्य-संग्रामः

The Trigarta–Matsya Engagement at Twilight

सम्प्रयातं तदा राजन्‌ निरीक्षन्तं गवां पदम्‌ | तद्‌ बलाग्रयं विराटस्य सम्प्रस्थितमशो भत । दृढायुधजनाकीर्ण गजाश्वरथसंकुलम्‌,राजन्‌! उस समय गौओंके पदचिह्न देखती युद्धके लिये प्रस्थित हुई विराटकी वह श्रेष्ठ सेना अपूर्व शोभा पा रही थी। उसमें ऐसे पैदल सैनिक भरे थे, जिनके हाथोंमें मजबूत हथियार थे। साथ ही हाथी, घोड़े तथा रथके सवारोंसे भी वह सेना परिपूर्ण थी

saṃprayātaṃ tadā rājan nirīkṣantaṃ gavāṃ padam | tad balāgryaṃ virāṭasya samprasthitam aśobhat | dṛḍhāyudhajanākīrṇaṃ gajāśvarathasaṃkulam ||

రాజా! ఆ సమయంలో గోవుల పాదముద్రలను పరిశీలిస్తూ యుద్ధార్థం కదిలిన విరాటుని శ్రేష్ఠసేన అపూర్వ శోభను పొందెను. దృఢాయుధాలు ధరించిన పాదాతులు దానిలో కిక్కిరిసినారు; గజ, అశ్వ, రథసమూహములతో కూడ ఆ సేన నిండిపోయి ఉండెను.

सम्प्रयातम्having set out / departed
सम्प्रयातम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्प्र-या (धातु √या) / सम्प्रयात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निरीक्षन्तम्looking at / observing
निरीक्षन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-ईक्ष् (धातु √ईक्ष्) / निरीक्षन्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पदम्track/footprint
पदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बलाग्र्यम्the best of the army / excellent force
बलाग्र्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल + अग्र्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विराटस्यof Virata
विराटस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सम्प्रस्थितम्having set out / marched forth
सम्प्रस्थितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्प्र-स्था (धातु √स्था) / सम्प्रस्थित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अशोभतshone / appeared splendid
अशोभत:
TypeVerb
Rootशुभ् (धातु √शुभ्)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
दृढायुधजनाकीर्णम्filled with men having firm weapons
दृढायुधजनाकीर्णम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ + आयुध + जन + आकीर्ण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
गजाश्वरथसंकुलम्crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots
गजाश्वरथसंकुलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगज + अश्व + रथ + संकुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Virāṭa
C
cattle (gāvaḥ)
A
army (bala)
F
footprints/tracks (pada)
E
elephants (gaja)
H
horses (aśva)
C
chariots (ratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights rājadharma: a king must actively protect his property and dependents (here, the cattle) and respond decisively to threats. The ethical emphasis is on vigilance and responsibility—mobilizing force not for aggression, but for safeguarding what is entrusted to the ruler.

Virāṭa’s leading troops have marched out for battle and are examining the cattle’s tracks, indicating pursuit after a raid. The narrator paints a vivid military tableau: infantry with strong weapons and a full complement of elephants, horses, and chariots, all moving in coordinated readiness.