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Shloka 10

अक्षद्यूतप्रवेशः — Kali’s Entry and the Initiation of the Dice-Contest

यस्य दण्डभयात्‌ सर्वे भूतग्रामा: समागता: । धर्ममेवानुरुध्यन्ति का त॑ं न वरयेत्‌ पतिम्‌,“जिनके दण्डके भयसे संसारमें आये हुए समस्त प्राणिसमुदाय धर्मका ही पालन करते हैं, उन यमराजको कौन अपना पति नहीं वरेगी?

yasya daṇḍabhayāt sarve bhūtagrāmāḥ samāgatāḥ | dharmam evānurudhyanti kā taṃ na varayet patim ||

యముని దండభయంతో లోకంలో ఉన్న సమస్త జీవసమూహాలు ధర్మాన్నే అనుసరిస్తాయి—అటువంటి యమరాజును భర్తగా ఏ స్త్రీ వరణించదు?

यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दण्ड-भयात्from fear of punishment
दण्ड-भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्डभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भूत-ग्रामाःgroups of beings/creatures
भूत-ग्रामाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूतग्राम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समागताःassembled/have come together
समागताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
धर्मम्dharma/righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अनुरुध्यन्तिfollow/obey/adhere to
अनुरुध्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + रुध्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वरयेत्would choose
वरयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वरणे)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पतिम्husband
पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

बृहदश्व उवाच

बृहदश्व (Bṛhadaśva)
यम (Yama, implied by context as the lord of punishment and dharma)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents daṇḍa (punitive authority) as a force that sustains dharma in society: fear of just punishment restrains beings and aligns conduct with moral order. It implies that a ruler/judge like Yama embodies dharma through enforcement, making him worthy of acceptance and honor.

Bṛhadaśva, while narrating, praises the authority of Yama: because all beings adhere to dharma out of fear of his punishment, the speaker rhetorically asks who would refuse to choose such a figure as husband—framing Yama’s moral-juridical power as a mark of supreme worthiness.