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Shloka 42

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

कर्म चेत्‌ कृतमन्वेति कर्तारें नान्यमृच्छति । कर्मणा तेन पापेन लिप्यते नूनमी श्वर:,यदि किया हुआ कर्म कर्ताका ही पीछा करता है, दूसरेके पास नहीं जाता, तब तो ईश्वर भी उस पापकर्मसे अवश्य लिप्त होंगे

karma cet kṛtam anveti kartāraṃ nānyam ṛcchati | karmaṇā tena pāpena lipyate nūnam īśvaraḥ ||

చేసిన కర్మ కర్తనే అనుసరిస్తూ, మరెవరికీ చెందకపోతే—అది పాపకర్మ అయితే, దానిని ప్రేరేపించేవాడు ఆయనే అయితే, ఈశ్వరుడూ నిశ్చయంగా దానితో లిప్తుడవుతాడు।

कर्मaction, deed
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
कृतम्done, performed
कृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्वेतिfollows
अन्वेति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-इ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्तारम्the doer, agent
कर्तारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यम्another (person)
अन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ऋच्छतिgoes to, reaches
ऋच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootऋच्छ्/ऋ (गम्-अर्थे)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्मणाby/with the deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
पापेनby/with sin
पापेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
लिप्यतेis tainted, is smeared
लिप्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootलिप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive (Karmani)
नूनम्surely, indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
ईश्वरःthe Lord, God
ईश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ī
Īśvara (the Lord)

Educational Q&A

The verse probes moral causality: if karmic results adhere strictly to the agent, then attributing human wrongdoing to divine control would imply divine moral taint. It raises the classic tension between personal responsibility and the idea of a supreme controller.

In the Vana Parva dialogue context, Yudhiṣṭhira is reasoning about karma and accountability. He challenges a view that shifts blame away from the individual by arguing that, if deeds truly cling to their doer, then making God the effective doer would make God share the stain of sin.