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Shloka 231

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । ईश्वरस्य वशे लोकास्तिष्ठन्ते नात्मनो यथा

atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṁ purātanam | īśvarasya vaśe lokās tiṣṭhante nātmano yathā ||

ఇక్కడ కూడా వారు ఈ ప్రాచీన దృష్టాంతాన్ని ఉదాహరిస్తారు—లోకంలోని ప్రాణులు ఈశ్వరాధీనంగా నిలిచియుంటారు; తమ స్వతంత్ర సంకల్పముచొప్పున కాదు.

अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदाहरन्तिthey cite / they relate
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिहासम्ancient tale / tradition
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरातनम्ancient
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ईश्वरस्यof the Lord / of the ruler
ईश्वरस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वशेin the control / under the sway
वशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
लोकाःpeople / worlds
लोकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तिष्ठन्तेstand / remain
तिष्ठन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यथाas / according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ī
Īśvara
L
lokāḥ (beings/people of the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that worldly beings operate within the Lord’s governance; human autonomy is limited. Ethically, it encourages humility, patience, and discernment—acting rightly while recognizing that outcomes are not fully self-determined.

Yudhiṣṭhira introduces an old illustrative story (itihāsa) to support his point. He frames the discussion by asserting that people and events are subject to a higher ruling power, setting up an example meant to guide judgment and conduct.