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Shloka 18

अध्याय ३० — क्रोधदोषाः क्षमाप्रशंसा च

Defects of Anger and the Praise of Forbearance

राजन्‌ परीतया बुद्धा विषमे5क्षपराजये । राज्यं वसून्यायुधानि भ्रातृन्‌ मां चासि निर्जित:,परंतु महाराज! उस कपट हद्यूतजनित पराजयके समय आपकी बुद्धि विपरीत हो गयी, जिसके कारण आप राज्य, धन, आयुध तथा भाइयोंको और मुझे भी दावँपर रखकर हार गये

rājan parītayā buddhyā viṣame ’kṣaparājaye | rājyaṁ vasūny āyudhāni bhrātṝn māṁ cāsi nirjitaḥ ||

కానీ మహారాజా! ఆ కపట ద్యూతంలో వచ్చిన భయంకర పరాజయ సమయంలో మీ బుద్ధి విపరీతమైంది; అందువల్ల మీరు రాజ్యం, ధనం, ఆయుధాలు, సోదరులు, నన్ను కూడా పణంగా పెట్టి ఓడిపోయారు.

राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परीतयाby (a mind) overcome/possessed
परीतया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरीता (परी + इ, क्त)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
बुद्ध्याby (your) intellect
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विषमेin the unfair/unequal (situation)
विषमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अक्षपराजयेin the defeat at dice
अक्षपराजये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षपराजय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राज्यम्kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वसूनिwealths/treasures
वसूनि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
आयुधानिweapons
आयुधानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआयुध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
भ्रातॄन्brothers
भ्रातॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असिyou are / you have become
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
निर्जितःdefeated
निर्जितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जित (नि + जि, क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
King (addressed figure)
D
dice (akṣa)
K
kingdom (rājya)
W
wealth (vasu)
W
weapons (āyudha)
B
brothers (bhrātṛ)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must guard discernment (buddhi) especially in morally hazardous situations; when judgment is distorted—often through deceit or weakness—one can forfeit not only property but also duty, freedom, and the welfare of dependents.

Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a king and recalls the catastrophic dice-game loss, emphasizing that in that crisis the king’s judgment went astray, leading to the staking and losing of the kingdom, wealth, weapons, and even his brothers and himself.