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Shloka 41

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

यदा द्रष्टा संजयानामनीके धृष्टय्युम्न॑ प्रमुखे रोचमानम्‌ । अस्त्र॑ यस्मै गुह्मुमुवाच धीमान्‌ द्रोणस्तदा तप्स्यति धार्तराष्ट्र:,जिसे परम बुद्धिमान आचार्य द्रोणने अस्त्रविद्याके गोपनीय रहस्यकी भी शिक्षा दी है, वह धृष्टद्युम्न जब सूंजयवंशी वीरोंकी सेनाके अग्रभागमें प्रकाशित होगा और उसे उस दशामें दुर्योधन देखेगा, तब वह अत्यन्त संतप्त हो उठेगा

yadā draṣṭā sañjayānām anīke dhṛṣṭadyumnam pramukhe rocamānam | astraṁ yasmai guhyaṁ uvāca dhīmān droṇas tadā tapsyati dhārtarāṣṭraḥ ||

సంజయుడు పలికెను—పాండవసేన అగ్రభాగంలో ధృష్టద్యుమ్నుడు ప్రకాశిస్తూ నిలిచినట్లు దుర్యోధనుడు చూచినప్పుడు—అదే ధృష్టద్యుమ్నునికి పరమబుద్ధిమంతుడైన ఆచార్య ద్రోణుడు అస్త్రవిద్య యొక్క గూఢ మర్మాన్ని కూడా ఉపదేశించినాడు—అప్పుడు ధృతరాష్ట్రపుత్రుడు తీవ్రంగా తపించును।

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
Formtemporal adverb
द्रष्टाthe one who will see / the seer
द्रष्टा:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formfuture active participle (agent noun), nominative singular masculine
संजयानाम्of the Sañjayas (Sañjaya-line warriors)
संजयानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
Formmasculine, genitive plural
अनीकेin the army/host
अनीके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
Formneuter, locative singular
धृष्टद्युम्नम्Dhṛṣṭadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
Formmasculine, accusative singular
प्रमुखेin the front / at the forefront
प्रमुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमुख
Formneuter, locative singular
रोचमानम्shining, resplendent
रोचमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरोचमान
Formpresent middle participle of √रुच्, accusative singular masculine
अस्त्रweapon (science/mantra of weapons)
अस्त्र:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
Formneuter, accusative singular (used as object of 'taught/spoke')
यस्मैto whom
यस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formdative singular masculine/neuter
गुह्यम्secret, confidential
गुह्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगुह्य
Formneuter, accusative singular
उवाचsaid / taught
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formperfect, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
धीमान्wise, intelligent
धीमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत्
Formmasculine, nominative singular
द्रोणःDroṇa
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
Formmasculine, nominative singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formtemporal adverb
तप्स्यतिwill burn, will be tormented
तप्स्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
Formsimple future, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
धार्तराष्ट्रःthe son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
Formmasculine, nominative singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhrishtadyumna
D
Drona
D
Dhartarashtra (Duryodhana)
P
Pandava army (as the opposing host)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension in martial instruction: knowledge given in trust can return as a weapon against one’s own side. It underscores how actions and alliances in war create moral consequences—Duryodhana’s anguish arises from seeing Drona’s confidential teaching embodied in an enemy commander.

Sanjaya predicts Duryodhana’s reaction on the battlefield: when Duryodhana beholds Dhrishtadyumna leading the opposing army in splendor, he will feel intense distress, remembering that Drona had once taught Dhrishtadyumna secret aspects of weapon-lore.